October 26 ,  2024.

Mexico , Popocatepetl :

October 25, 11:00 (October 25, 17:00 GMT). Activity in the last 24 hours.

24 exhalations were detected, accompanied by water vapor, volcanic gases and ash. In addition, 1,005 minutes of high-frequency tremors of low to moderate amplitude were recorded.

The National Center for Communication and Operation of Civil Protection (Cenacom) reported light ashfall in Hueyapan and Tetela del Volcán in Morelos, in addition to Atlixco, Calpan, Domingo Arenas, Huejotzingo and San Nicolás de los Ranchos in Puebla. Hermanos Serdán Airport in Puebla suspended operations from 7:00 to 11:00 due to the presence of volcanic ash.

During the morning and at the time of this report, a continuous emission of water vapor, volcanic gases and ash is observed with dispersion towards the Northeast (NE).

The volcanic alert fire of Popocatépetl is in yellow phase 2.

The scenarios anticipated for this phase are:

A few small to moderate explosions
Occurrence of tremors of varying amplitude
Light to moderate ash rains in the surrounding towns and in some more distant towns
Ejection of incandescent fragments within the 12-kilometer exclusion radius
The occurrence of lahars can be expected to descend into the ravines, due to the accumulation of ash on the slopes and its interaction with the rains expected in the coming weeks.
Possibility of pyroclastic flows not reaching the populations

Source : Cenapred

Chile , Copahue :

Yellow Alert Declared for Alto Biobío Due to Activity on the Copahue Volcano
Volcanic activity began on October 15 with the release of nearly 3,000 tons of SO2 into the atmosphere. An impact is estimated within a radius of 500 meters near the crater.

October 24, 2024 | 3:20 p.m.
The Regional Directorate of SENAPRED Biobío has declared a Yellow Alert for the municipality of Alto Biobío due to the activity of the Copahue Volcano, valid from today and until conditions justify it.
According to the information provided by Sernageomin, and according to the information obtained in the National Volcanic Monitoring Network (RNVV), analyzed by the Volcanological Observatory of the Southern Andes, it is recorded that the activity on the Copahue volcano has shown an increase in surface activity, mainly observing the emission of pyroclasts into the atmosphere.
Satellite images have demonstrated anomalies of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere since October 15, with an emission of between 2,900 and 3,000 tons between the 17th and 19th of the same month. At the same time, SO2 measurements suggest an increase in daily measurements, with a maximum flow of 3,000 t/d during October 17, a value higher than the limit established for this volcano (2,400 t/d).

Although the anomalies have decreased, it is considered that the current scenario could become unstable again and, therefore, explosions around the crater and continuity in the emissions of pyroclastic material are expected. For this reason, the minimum impact radius of 500 meters is maintained in the immediate vicinity of the crater, and the high probability of continued ash emission is estimated, which could fall on Chilean territory if wind conditions favor it.

Source : Soychile . cl

Photo : Dario G. Lazo ( 2019)

Indonesia , Merapi :

MOUNT MERAPI ACTIVITY REPORT, October 17 to October 24, 2024, Published on October 25, 2024

OBSERVATION RESULT
Visual
The weather around Mount Merapi is generally clear in the morning and night, while it is foggy from noon to evening. White smoke, thin to thick, low to moderate pressure and 250 m high was observed from Mount Merapi Kaliurang observation post on October 21, 2024 at 05:30 WIB. This week, 2 hot cloud avalanches were observed upstream of the Bebeng River up to a maximum of 1,500 m. Lava avalanches were observed 26 times upstream of the Bebeng River up to a maximum of 1,800 m. The sound of avalanches was heard 6 times from Kaliurang and Babadan stations with low to moderate intensity.

The highest hot spot was observed at 243 °C, which is relatively the same as the previous measurement temperature. For the morphology of the middle dome, there is no significant morphological change. The highest hot spot was observed at 223.3 °C, which is 3 °C higher than the previous measurement temperature.
The morphology of the Southwest dome was observed to change due to dome growth activities, lava avalanches, and hot cloud avalanches. Based on the analysis of aerial photos dated October 17, 2024, the volume of the Southwest dome was measured as 3,077,000 m3 and that of the Central dome as 2,361,800 m3.

Seismicity
This week, the seismicity of Mount Merapi recorded:

2 hot cloud avalanche earthquakes
1 shallow volcanic earthquake (VTB),
82 multi-phase earthquakes (MP),
1 low-frequency earthquake (LF),
1044 avalanche earthquakes (RF),
10 tectonic earthquakes (TT).
The intensity of earthquakes this week is higher than last week.

Deformation
The deformation of Mount Merapi monitored by EDM this week showed a relatively similar average shortening rate to last week.

Rain and Lahars
This week, there was rain at the Mount Merapi observation post with a rainfall intensity of 56 mm/hour for 56 minutes at the Badaban post on 22 October 2024. No additional flows or lahars were reported in the rivers that originate on Mount Merapi.

Conclusion
Based on the results of visual and instrumental observations, it was concluded that:
The volcanic activity of Mount Merapi is still quite high in the form of effusive eruptive activity. The activity status is set at the « SIAGA » level.

Source : BPPTKG

Photo :  Andi volcanist. ( 03/2024)

Indonesia , Semeru :

Semeru erupted on Saturday, October 26, 2024 at 05:19 WIB with the height of the ash column observed at ± 600 m above the summit (± 4276 m above sea level). The ash column was observed to be white to gray in color with moderate intensity, oriented towards the South. At the time of writing this report, the eruption was still ongoing.

VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION – VONA

Issued : October 26 , 2024
Volcano : Semeru (263300)
Current Aviation Colour Code : ORANGE
Previous Aviation Colour Code : orange
Source : Semeru Volcano Observatory
Notice Number : 2024SMR2614
Volcano Location : S 08 deg 06 min 29 sec E 112 deg 55 min 12 sec
Area : East java, Indonesia
Summit Elevation : 11763 FT (3676 M)

Volcanic Activity Summary :
Eruption with volcanic ash cloud at 22h19 UTC (05h19 local).

Volcanic Cloud Height :
Best estimate of ash-cloud top is around 13683 FT (4276 M) above sea level or 1920 FT (600 M) above summit. May be higher than what can be observed clearly. Source of height data: ground observer.

Other Volcanic Cloud Information :
Ash cloud moving to south. Volcanic ash is observed to be white to gray. The intensity of volcanic ash is observed to be medium.

Remarks :
Eruption recorded on seismogram with maximum amplitude 22 mm and maximum duration 125 second.

Source et photo : Magma Indonésie .

Colombia , Galeras :

San Juan de Pasto, October 22, 2024, 3:20 p.m.

From the monitoring of the activity of the Galeras volcano, the Colombian Geological Survey (SGC), an entity attached to the Ministry of Mines and Energy, reports that:

During the week of October 15 to 21, 2024, the activity of the volcano maintained a stable behavior. Compared to the previous week, the main variations in the monitored parameters were:
● A slight increase in seismic occurrence was recorded with a sharp decrease in the levels of released energy.
● The seismicity associated with the fracture of rocks within the volcanic system maintained its predominance, both in terms of occurrence and energy.

● Some low-energy fracture earthquakes were located, scattered in the volcanic area, at distances between 0.5 and 11 km, with depths between 1 and 10 km from the summit of Galeras (4200 m) and magnitudes lower than 1.
● From the main crater and fumarole fields of Las Chavas, to the West; and El Paisita, to the North of the active cone, small columns of white gas emissions of variable height and dispersion due to the action of the winds were observed.
● The other volcanic monitoring parameters showed stability.

Based on the above, the SGC recommends to closely monitor the evolution through the weekly bulletins and other information published through our official channels, as well as the instructions of the local and departmental authorities and the National Unit for Disaster Risk Management (UNGRD).

Volcanic activity remains in yellow alert status: active volcano with changes in the behavior of the base level of monitored parameters and other manifestations.

Source et photo : SGC