January 28 , 2025.

New Zealand , White Island :

Volcanic Activity Bulletin , Tue Jan 28 2025 3:30 PM
Volcanic Alert Level remains at 2
Aviation Colour Code remains at Orange

Whakaari / White Island is passively emitting weak-to-moderate steam and gas plumes. Occasionally the activity changes to contain volcanic ash in the plume. The Volcanic Alert Level remains at 2 and the Aviation Colour Code remains Orange.

Activity at Whakaari / White Island is dominated by weak-to-moderate steam and gas plumes sometimes containing minor amounts of volcanic ash. The volcanic ash load in the plume is variable as seen on our webcams at Whakatāne and Te Kaha as well as on satellite imagery. This variability was well demonstrated during our monitoring flights on 14 January and webcam observations on 27 January.

Image taken during flights on 14 January 2025, note the increase in ash content in second image.

Over the last couple of weeks, the emissions from the volcano have primarily been weak-to-moderate steam and gas plume emissions. We have frequently observed very minor volcanic ash associated with the plume. The recommencement of ash emission has been variable and not always detected. On 14 January we made an observation flight at midday and a gas flight later in the afternoon. Between the two flights ash emission recommenced (Figure 1). The New Zealand MetService have also detected small amounts of volcanic ash in satellite data on some days. The prevailing southerly wind is blowing the plume away from the mainland.

The webcams at Whakatāne and Te Kaha also detected a minor event on Monday 27 January at 0710h. Current weather conditions play a significant part in how the activity looks and whether activity can be observed. A larger plume can sometimes be seen from the Bay of Plenty coast above and downwind of Whakaari when conditions are clear and/or wind strength is lighter. Similarly, activity can change at short notice and produce stronger steam and gas plumes which are seen from the coast. These plumes occasionally contain more volcanic ash which are visible from the coast. These plumes sometimes contain more volcanic ash.

Image taken during flight on 14 January 2025, note the increase in ash content.

Our gas flight on 14 January confirmed the amount of sulphur dioxide (SO2) flux released from Whakaari remains higher than during periods of less volcanic activity (e.g., at the start of 2024: Figure 2). We also occasionally have SO2 detections from Whakaari seen in the TROPOMI satellite data. Both the gas emissions and intermittent observations of minor amounts of volcanic ash in the plume are consistent with higher activity.
Without sensors on the island, our monitoring continues to rely on remote cameras, satellite imagery, and periodic observation and gas flights to monitor Whakaari.

Flux of sulfur dioxide SO2 released from Whakaari White Island since the beginning of 2024 measured during our gas flights.

Recent activity is consistent with moderate-heightened unrest and the Volcanic Alert Level therefore remains at Level 2. The presence of minor volcanic ash being emitted from the volcano means that the Aviation Colour Code remains Orange. These levels acknowledge the current level of activity but also reflect the degree of uncertainty about the level of unrest due to the current lack of consistent, usable real-time monitoring data. The level of volcanic activity could escalate back to levels seen in 2024 and the volcano can explosively erupt with little or no warning.

GNS Science’s Volcano Monitoring Group and National Geohazards Monitoring Centre will continue to closely monitor Whakaari/White Island for any changes in activity. We will provide further updates when information becomes available.

Source and photos : Geonet

Peru , Ubinas :

Ubinas Volcano on alert: mudflow disrupts traffic and advances towards populated areas of Moquegua
Heavy rains have moved ash and rocks on the slopes, causing the closure of nearby roads. The National Volcanological Center has issued a volcanological alert for the region

On the night of Saturday, January 25, 2025, a mudflow caused by volcanic activity descended into the Volcanmayo ravine, mainly affecting the southeast flank of the volcano and causing the closure of the Ubinas-Tonohaya road.

TODAY’S ACTIVITY
Developing eruptive process: seismic activity and fumaroles. Further ash emissions cannot be ruled out.
– Emissions of gas and water vapor up to 900 m above the summit of the volcano.
– 26 earthquakes associated with rock fracturing processes inside the volcano.
– 13 earthquakes related to the movement of magma and gases.
– No deformation process of the volcanic edifice is recorded.
– No thermal anomaly has been detected on the surface of the volcano crater.

– Dispersion of gas and water vapor towards the West and Southwest, towards the district of San Juan de Tarucani and the populated centers, as well as the ranches and pasture areas of these sectors.
– The approximate impact radius following today’s emissions is less than 5 km from the crater, that is, within the perimeter of the volcano.

RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Adopt preventive measures in accordance with the current yellow volcanic alert level.
2. Do not approach within 2 km of the crater.
3. The population must remain vigilant for possible ash falls and follow the recommendations issued by the Civil Protection authorities.

Source : Cenvul

Photo : Bruno Ortiz Fernandez, (08/2023)

Indonesia , Ibu :

An eruption of Mount Ibu occurred on Tuesday, 28 January 2025, at 06:18 WIT with an observed ash column height of ±1200 m above the peak (±2525 m above sea level). The ash column was observed to be grey in colour with a thick intensity, oriented towards the West. This eruption was recorded on a seismograph with a maximum amplitude of 28 mm and a duration of 111 seconds.

Other eruptions: 02:59, 06:27, 09:34, 10:13, etc.

VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION – VONA

Issued : January 28 , 2025
Volcano : Ibu (268030)
Current Aviation Colour Code : ORANGE
Previous Aviation Colour Code : orange
Source : Ibu Volcano Observatory
Notice Number : 2025IBU199
Volcano Location : N 01 deg 29 min 17 sec E 127 deg 37 min 48 sec
Area : North Maluku, Indonesia
Summit Elevation : 4240 FT (1325 M)

Volcanic Activity Summary :
Eruption with volcanic ash cloud at 21h18 UTC (06h18 local).

Volcanic Cloud Height :
Best estimate of ash-cloud top is around 8080 FT (2525 M) above sea level or 3840 FT (1200 M) above summit. May be higher than what can be observed clearly. Source of height data: ground observer.

Other Volcanic Cloud Information :
Ash cloud moving to west. Volcanic ash is observed to be gray. The intensity of volcanic ash is observed to be thick.

Remarks :
Eruption recorded on seismogram with maximum amplitude 28 mm and maximum duration 111 second.

Source et photo : Magma Indonésie

Costa Rica , Rincon de la Vieja / Turrialba :

Rincón de la Vieja Volcano

Latitude: 10.83°N;
Longitude: 85.34°W;
Altitude: 1916 m
Current Activity Level: Warning

Eruptive activity remains low with the occurrence of 2 low-energy exhalations rich in water vapor, aerosols and volcanic gases during this week. The seismic background tremor has
remained stable and of low amplitude. The dominant frequency range of this tremor is observed between 4 and 6.5 Hz. The appearance of long-period « tornillos » type signals continues.
Sporadic distal volcano-tectonic earthquakes (dVT) have been recorded south of the volcano. The dominant frequency of the « tornillos » shows a slight downward trend in recent weeks.
Geodetic observations show stability at the base and slight subsidence at the summit.
Low gas concentrations were recorded this week at the MultiGAS station. During the past week, the average SO2 flux was 363 ± 153 t/d, similar to the previous week (379 ± 202 tons per day). The last detection of SO2 in the atmosphere by the Sentinel-5P satellite was on December 26, 2024.

Turrialba Volcano

Latitude: 10.02°N;
Longitude: 83.76°W;
Altitude: 3325 m
Current activity level: Warning

No eruption or volcanic tremor has been recorded. Turrialba volcanic seismicity is characterized by a few low-frequency, low-amplitude LP-type volcanic earthquakes. In recent months, crustal contraction and subsidence centered on the eastern flank of Irazú Volcano and more pronounced contraction and subsidence near the active Turrialba crater have been observed. Degassing remains stable with CO2/SO2 close to 10 and H2S/SO2 with values ​​close to 0.3. During the previous week, an average SO2 flux of 221 ± 61 t/d was recorded. The last detection of SO2 in the atmosphere by the Sentinel-5P satellite was on December 17, 2024.

Source : Ovsicori

Photos : Federico Chavarría-Kopper – Ovsicori ( archive 2019) ,  G. Avard / Ovsicori ( archive 2020).

La Martinique , Mount Pelée :

Weekly report / Institut de physique du globe de Paris, Observatoire volcanologique et sismologique de Martinique .Saint-Pierre, January 24, 2025 at 3:30 p.m. local time (GMT-4)

Volcanic activity is low this week with 2 earthquakes of volcanic origin observed.
Between January 17, 2025 at 4:00 p.m. (UT) and January 24, 2025 at 4:00 p.m. (UT), the OVSM recorded 2 low-energy volcano-tectonic earthquakes. These earthquakes were clearly identified as coming from one of the well-known seismically active zones at Mount Pelée, located between 1.0 and 1.4 km deep below the summit of the volcano. The superficial seismicity of the volcano-tectonic type is associated with micro-fracturing in the volcanic edifice in connection with the global reactivation of the volcano observed since the end of 2018.
No earthquake was felt by the population.

The previous week, the OVSM had recorded 13 earthquakes of volcanic origin. As of January 24, 2025 and over the past 4 weeks, the OVSM has therefore observed a total of 66 volcanic earthquakes, or an average of 16 to 17 earthquakes per week.
During the volcanic reactivation phases of volcanoes similar to Mount Pelée, it is common to observe seismic activity that varies in intensity and frequency.
For more details on observations and interpretations of volcanic activity over the longer term, refer to the OVSM monthly bulletins.
The alert level is currently YELLOW: vigilance.

Source : Direction de l’OVSM-IPGP.

Photo : rci.fm