January 03 , 2022.
La Réunion Island , Piton de la Fournaise :
Piton de la Fournaise activity – December 2021.
Seismicity:
In December 2021, the OVPF recorded in the Piton de la Fournaise massif a total of:
• 778 superficial volcano-tectonic earthquakes (0 to 2.5 km above sea level) below the summit craters;
• 4 deep earthquakes (below sea level);
• 195 collapses (in the Crater Dolomieu, the ramparts of the Enclos Fouqué , Piton de Crac, and the Rivière de l’Est).
The volcano-tectonic activity under the Piton de la Fournaise in December 2021 will have been marked by a seismic crisis preceding the eruption of December 22, 2021. During this seismic crisis, which began at 1:15 am (local time; 9:15 pm on December 21) 2021 UTC), 602 superficial volcano-tectonic earthquakes (0 to 2.5 km above sea level) were recorded under the Dolomieu crater and under the southern flank of the volcano. This seismic crisis, accompanied by deformations, was followed 2 hours and 15 minutes after its onset by the arrival of an eruptive tremor (3:30 am local time on December 22; 11:30 pm on December 21 UTC), indicating the arrival of magma nearby. from the surface. This eruption, located on the southern flank of the volcano inside the Enclos Fouqué, is still ongoing as of this writing.
This seismic crisis was preceded by a resumption of seismicity during the second half of November (small seismic crisis without deformation on November 17 followed by an increase in seismicity from November 22). Thus between November 22, 2021 and the start of the seismic crisis on December 22, 2021, 170 top surface earthquakes were recorded.
Following the onset of the eruption, a gradual drop in seismicity was recorded from 42 shallow earthquakes on December 22 after the opening of the cracks to 1 shallow earthquake per day over the period of December 24-31.
Deformation:
The inflation (swelling) of the volcanic edifice recorded since April 2021 and linked to a pressurization of the superficial magmatic reservoir located about 1.5-2 km deep below the summit, continued until December 22 . This phase of inflation preceded the eruption of December 22, whose injection of magma to the surface was accompanied by deformations
rapid, up to about 20 cm on the southern flank of the terminal cone.
Following the start of the eruption, a slight deflation of the edifice was recorded linked to the transfer of magma from the magmatic storage zone under the summit zone to the eruptive site.
Source : OVPF.
Read the full article : https://www.ipgp.fr/sites/default/files/ovpf_20220103_bullmensu_0.pdf
Photos : Imazpress ,
Indonesia , Semeru :
VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION – VONA.
Issued : January 03 ,20220103/0545Z
Volcano : Semeru (263300)
Current Aviation Colour Code : ORANGE
Previous Aviation Colour Code : orange
Source : Semeru Volcano Observatory
Notice Number : 2022SMR02
Volcano Location : S 08 deg 06 min 29 sec E 112 deg 55 min 12 sec
Area : East java, Indonesia
Summit Elevation : 11763 FT (3676 M)
Volcanic Activity Summary :
Pyroclastic flow occured from the edge of lava deposit at 05h25 UTC ( 12h25 local )
Volcanic Cloud Height :
Ash-cloud is not visible
Other Volcanic Cloud Information :
Ash-cloud moving to southeast.
Remarks :
Lava flow is observed through the Southeast direction of the Semeru summit crater.
The volcano was clearly visible until it was covered in fog. Smoke from the crater, gray-white in color, of medium intensity was observed, 50-800 m high from the top of the peak. The weather is sunny, cloudy, cloudy to rainy, weak to moderate winds from the North, North-East and East.
The eruption tremor was recorded, but visually the height and color of the eruption column was not observed.
At night, an incandescence is observed.
Seismicity is linked to the activity of magma as well as to tectonic activity. We record:
– 5 Earthquakes of eruptions
– 7 avalanche earthquakes
– 13 earthquakes of emissions
– 5 Harmonic tremors
– 2 deep volcanic earthquakes
– 1 distant tectonic earthquake
– 2 flood earthquakes / lahars
Source : Magma Indonésie , PVMBG.
Photo : Oystein Lund Andersen .
United-States , Yellowstone :
44°25’48 » N 110°40’12 » W,
Summit Elevation 9203 ft (2805 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL
Current Aviation Color Code: GREEN
Recent work and news
2021 is finally over. Thank goodness! During the year, 2,773 eathquakes were located in the Yellowstone region, which is consistent with typical background levels of seismicity (on average, about 1500–2500 earthquakes are located every year). Steamboat Geyser experienced 20 major water eruptions, which is much less than the 48 eruptions in each of the preceding two years.
Seismicity
During December 2021, the University of Utah Seismograph Stations, responsible for the operation and analysis of the Yellowstone Seismic Network, located just 43 earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region. The largest event of the month was a minor earthquake of magnitude 2.6 located ~13 miles north of Pahaska Tepee, WY, on December 18 at 2:12 PM MST.
No swarm activity was observed in December.
Yellowstone earthquake activity remains at background levels.
Beryl Spring’s strongly boiling blue pool is about 8 m (25 ft) wide and contains high-chloride liquid water with a near-neutral pH. Immediately behind the pool is a loud, hissing fumarole producing a white cloud of steam.
Ground deformation
No significant changes in ground deformation were observed in data from continuous GPS stations through mid-December. At that time, heavy snowfall throughout the rest of the month created artifacts at many high-altitude Yellowstone continuous GPS sites, causing the appearance of subsidence. These artifacts, which are not apparent at lower-elevation stations, should disappear once the stormy weather diminishes.
Source : YVO.
Photo : Pat Shanks
Hawaii , Kilauea :
19°25’16 » N 155°17’13 » W,
Summit Elevation 4091 ft (1247 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: WATCH
Current Aviation Color Code: ORANGE
Activity Summary:
Kīlauea Volcano is entering a pause. Lava is still erupting, but at a greatly diminished rate, from a single vent near the western wall of Halemaʻumaʻu crater, in the volcano’s summit region and within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. All recent lava activity has been confined to the crater, and there are no indications of activity migrating elsewhere on Kīlauea
Summit Observations:
Summit tiltmeters have been tracking rapid deflation since 1 AM this morning. Volcanic tremor associated with the eruption—as recorded by nearby seismometers—decreased rapidly at about 2 AM and is continuing at low levels. Instrumental readings and lava lake activity indicate the eruption is entering a pause that is likely to last 2-3 days based on previous observations of pauses. Earthquake activity in the summit region remains below background level. A sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rate of approximately 5,000 tonnes per day was measured on December 28, 2021 in the summit region while the lava lake was very active.
An aerial view of the western portion of Halema‘uma‘u, at Kīlauea summit, during the December 21 helicopter overflight. Eruptive activity is paused, and only a weak gas plume was being emitted from the west vent (center right). Just north of (below) the west vent, a tiny pad of lava remained weakly active within the lake.
Halemaʻumaʻu Lava Lake Observations:
Diminished effusion of lava from the western vent in Halemaʻumaʻu into the active lava lake is indicated by formation of cooler crust over most of the lake except at the vent and decreasing lava velocities measured on the thermal camera. The active lake began crusting over at about 2 AM, the same time the tremor dropped. No overflows from the active lake have been observed in the past 24 hours, but there was a large breakout along the northern margin of the crusted-over larger lava lake that was still active this morning.
Source : HVO.
Photo : USGS / D. Downs.
Guatemala , Fuego :
Activity type: Vulcanian
Morphology: Composite strato-volcano
Geographical location: 14 ° 28’54˝ Latitude N; 90 ° 52’54˝ Longitude W.
Altitude: 3,763 meters above sea level.
Atmospheric conditions: Clear.
Wind: North.
Precipitation: 0.0 mm.
Activity:
The activity is maintained with weak to moderate explosions, in a range of 6 to 12 per hour, expelling columns of ash at 4,500 and 4,800 meters of altitude. (14,763 to 15,748 feet) dispersing westward at a distance of 15 kilometers. Ash falls are reported in the villages of Panimache, Morelia, Santa Sofía, Yucales, El Porvenir. Moderate to strong explosions are accompanied by rumblings with shock waves vibrating the roofs and windows of houses in villages near the volcano. Constant avalanches are observed in the ravines, Seca, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas. Locomotive type degassing sounds are also generated.
Source : Insivumeh.
Photo : Nath Duverlie , 05/05/2019.
