March 16 , 2025 .
Italy / Sicily , Etna :
VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION (VONA)
Issued: March 15 , 20250
Volcano: Etna 211060
Current Color Code: ORANGE
Previous Color Code: yellow
Source: Etna Volcano Observatory
Notice Number: 2025/0021/02N01
Volcano Location: 3744N 01500E
Area: Italy
Summit Elevation: 3300 m
Volcanic Activity Summary:
Strombolian activity is observed in the summit craters. No ash emissions are recorded.
Volcanic cloud height:
NO ASH CLOUD IS PRODUCED
Other volcanic cloud information: N/A
Remarks:
THE PHENOMENON IS OBSERVED BY VISIBLE AND THERMAL SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS
Next Notice:
A new VONA will be issued if conditions change significantly or color code changes.
Source : INGV
Photo : Piano Vetore via Boris Behncke / FB.
Indonesi , Kerinci :
Increased seismic activity at Mount Kerinci, in West Sumatra and Jambi provinces.
Kerinci Volcano is located in Kerinci-Jambi Regency and South Solok Regency, West Sumatra, with its summit located at -1.697°N, 101.264°E, and has an elevation of 3,805 meters above sea level.
Based on visual observations from March 1 to 13, 2025, Mount Kerinci was clearly visible until it was covered by fog. On clear days, smoke from the main crater is observed as white with fine to moderate intensity, approximately 50 to 100 meters above the summit. The color of the exhaled gas shows that it is mainly water vapor and that no rocky material or ash is being transported to the surface. Seismic data from the same period are dominated by emission-type earthquakes. The number and types of earthquakes recorded were as follows: 1003 emission earthquakes, 2 shallow volcanic earthquakes, 1 deep volcanic earthquake, and 17 distant tectonic earthquakes.
On March 14, 2025, from 16:30 WIB, there was an increase in seismicity, especially deep volcanic earthquakes and shallow volcanic earthquakes, until March 15, 2025 at 00:00 WIB, 20 shallow volcanic earthquakes were recorded with a maximum amplitude of 6 to 25 mm and a duration of 6 to 25 seconds. Fifteen deep volcanic earthquakes were recorded, with a maximum amplitude of 9 to 40 mm and a duration of 9 to 25 seconds. Continuous tremors have been recorded since 20:43 WIB with a maximum amplitude of 0.5 to 1 mm (dominant value 0.5 mm). Visual observations on March 15, 2025 at 08:15 WIB showed no gas emission activity observed from the crater. The RSAM graph, which reflects the earthquake energy, fluctuates and shows a slightly increasing trend at the end of the observation period, on February 2 and 17, 2025, there was an increase in the RSAM graph related to wind noise.
The current activity level of Mount Kerinci is Level II (Alert), with a recommendation that the public and visitors/tourists not approach or engage in activities within a 3 km radius of the summit crater of Mount Kerinci. The current potential hazard from Mount Kerinci is in the form of high concentrations of volcanic gas and rock ejection if a sudden eruption occurs without any signs of a significant increase in activity.
In relation to the increase in seismicity of Mount Kerinci, the public should comply with the recommendations issued by the Geological Agency through the Center for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation, and not be provoked by false and irresponsible news regarding the activities of Mount Kerinci, and follow the directives of the authorized agency, namely the Geological Agency which will continue to coordinate with the BNPB, BMKG, ministries/institutions, local governments and other related agencies.
Source : PVMBG
Photo : Umar Rosadi, 2005 (Centre of Volcanology & Geological Hazard Mitigation, Volcanological Survey of Indonesia).
Ecuador , Sangay :
SANGAY VOLCANO DAILY STATUS REPORT, Saturday, March 15, 2025.
Information Geophysical Institute – EPN.
Surface Activity Level: Moderate, Surface Trend: No change
Internal Activity Level: Moderate, Internal Trend: No change
Seismicity: From March 14, 2025, 11:00 a.m. to March 15, 2025, 11:00 a.m.:
Seismicity:
Below is the count of seismic events recorded at the reference station.
Explosion (EXP): 475
Rainfall/Lahars:
Yesterday afternoon, meteorologists monitored rainfall at the volcano and its surroundings, but it did not generate any mudflows or debris flows. **Heavy rainfall in the area could remobilize accumulated material and generate mud and debris flows that would descend the volcano’s flanks and flow into downstream rivers.
Emission/Ash Column:
Since yesterday, no gas or ash emissions have been observed by surveillance cameras or satellite images. In light of this low activity, the Washington-based VAAC agency has also not issued any activity reports in the past 24 hours.
Other Monitoring Parameters:
Neither FIRMS nor MIROVA have recorded any thermal anomalies in the past 24 hours.
Observation:
No incidents of incandescent light were observed by the surveillance camera system over the past 24 hours due to weather conditions in the area. However, the volcano remained completely cloudy most of the time.
Alert Level: Yellow
Source : IGEPN
Photo : Cristopher Cárdenas (2025)
La Martinique , Mount Pelée :
Weekly report, Paris Institute of Earth Physics / Martinique Volcanological and Seismological Observatory.
Saint-Pierre, March 14, 2025, at 4:45 p.m. local time (GMT-4)
Volcanic activity stabilized this week, with 18 earthquakes of volcanic origin observed.
Between March 7, 2025, at 4:00 p.m. (UTC) and March 14, 2025, at 4:00 p.m. (UTC), the OVSM recorded:
• 17 low-energy volcano-tectonic earthquakes. These earthquakes were clearly identified as originating from one of the well-known seismically active zones on Mount Pelée, located between 1.0 and 1.4 km deep below the volcano’s summit. The shallow volcano-tectonic seismicity is associated with microfracturing within the volcanic edifice, linked to the overall reactivation of the volcano observed since late 2018.
• One low-energy long-period earthquake (magnitude Mlv=0.5) located approximately 25 km below the Mount Pelée edifice. Deep long-period earthquakes
contain only low frequencies and are associated with the presence of magmatic fluids deep within the Mount Pelée volcanic system.
None of these earthquakes were felt by the population.
The previous week, the OVSM had recorded 27 earthquakes of volcanic origin. As of March 14, 2025, and over the past four weeks, the OVSM has observed a total of 58 volcanic earthquakes, an average of 14 to 15 earthquakes per week.
During phases of volcanic reactivation in volcanoes similar to Mount Pelée, seismic activity of varying intensity and frequency is commonly observed.
For more details on observations and interpretations of volcanic activity over the longer term, refer to the OVSM’s monthly bulletins.
The alert level is currently YELLOW: vigilance.
Source : Direction de l’OVSM-IPGP.
Photo : pinterest
Costa Rica , Rincon de la Vieja :
Latitude: 10.83°N;
Longitude: 85.34°W;
Altitude: 1916 m
Current Activity Level: Warning
Three eruptions and one expiration were recorded this week. The most significant were recorded on Thursday at 6:28 PM and Friday at 3:43 AM. This week, an increase in LP-type events, « tornillos, » and events associated with rock ruptures (proximal VTs) was observed. Thursday night’s eruption was preceded by more than 25 « tornillos » events and was the most energetic of the year. The background tremor remains variable and low amplitude, with dominant frequencies of 6 Hz. However, this changes after the onset of the eruptions, where the frequency band increases to between 1 and 6 Hz. Occasionally, short tremors of greater intensity are observed, some of them harmonic. Geodetic observations show stability at the base and summit. The MultiGAS station recorded low gas concentrations, with a CO2/SO2 ratio around 14 and H2S/SO2 at 0.04. During the last week, the average SO2 flux was 120 ± 60 t/d, similar to that of the previous week (135 ± 109 t/d).
Observed Activity:
At 3:44 a.m., the most energetic eruption of the year was recorded at the Rincón de la Vieja volcano. This event was phreatic in nature, with abundant emission of water vapor and volcanic gases. Despite the intensity of the eruption, no lahar was detected descending the volcano’s northern flank. Winds dispersed the plume of gas and ash in a southwesterly direction. Currently, a steady flow of gas emanating from the active crater is observed, accompanied by a very slight background tremor. No significant deformation has been detected in the volcano’s structure..
Source : Ovsicori
Photo : Raul Mora / RSN / UCR
