July 20, 2022. EN. Italy / Sicily : Etna , Hawaii : Lōʻihi , Kamchatka : Sheveluch , Chile : Tupungatito , Italy : Stromboli .

July 20 , 2022.

 

Italy / Sicily , Etna :

WEEKLY BULLETIN from July 07, 2022 to July 07, 2022 (Issue date July 19, 2022)

ACTIVITY STATUS SUMMARY
In the light of the surveillance data, it is highlighted:
1) VOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS: Degassing activity of the summit craters, mainly carried out by the Bocca Nuova crater.
2) SEISMOLOGY: Low seismic activity of fracturing; average amplitude of the volcanic tremor on a medium-high level.
3) INFRASOUND: Moderate to high infrasound activity with sources concentrated in the Bocca Nuova crater area.
4) GROUND DEFORMATIONS: Signals from deformation networks did not show significant changes in this reference week
5) GEOCHEMISTRY: SO2 flux at an average level.
Soil CO2 flux shows average values.
The partial pressure of dissolved CO2 in the aquifer shows values ​​in seasonal variability.
There are no updates on the isotope ratio of helium. The latest data related to 06/23/2022 and was at medium-high values.
6) SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS: The thermal activity observed by satellite in the summit area was weak.

a) Bottom of the Bocca Nuova taken from the northern edge of the Voragine; b) BN1 and BN2 collapse craters present at the bottom of Bocca Nuova; c) nocturnal flashes of the Bocca Nuova filmed by the visible camera of Piedimonte. Photos a) and b) by F. Ciancitto, taken during the inspection on 16 July.

VOLCANOLOGICAL NOTES
During the week in question, the monitoring of the volcanic activity of Etna was carried out through the analysis of images from the network of surveillance cameras of the INGV, Osservatorio Etneo Observatory (INGV-OE) and a inspection carried out Saturday, July 16 in the summit area by INGV-OE staff. The state of activity of the summit craters of Etna (Bocca Nuova, BN; South-East Crater, SEC; North-East Crater, NEC; Voragine, VOR) was also observed thanks to the analysis of data extrapolated to from the P72A aircraft of the 41st group of the Italian Air Force (AM); visible and infrared data were acquired during an overflight performed on July 11 as part of an exploratory collaborative process between INGV and AM (Fig. 3.2 a, b).

In general, the state of activity of the summit craters did not show significant changes compared to what was observed during the last week, and was characterized by degassing activities, mainly carried out by Bocca Nuova .
In particular, the two collapse craters present inside the Bocca Nuova, were characterized by degassing. Specifically, during the July 11 flyby and July 16 inspection, the BN1 vent showed variable rate and pulsating degassing, while the BN2 showed intense degassing with continuous emission of reddish ash, which rapidly diluted in the atmosphere. During the inspection, occasional rumblings were heard coming from the bottom. At night, images from the CCTV system showed lightning in correspondence with the collapse craters.

a) Fumarolic degassing of the southeast crater seen from the southeast edge of Bocca Nuova; b) obstructed bottom of the main cone present in the Voragine; c) obstructed floor of the northeast crater, taken from the southern edge of the crater. Photo by F. Ciancitto, taken during the July 16 inspection.

The Southeast crater showed modest degassing produced by a fumarolic field located on the rim of the crater. The Voragine crater and the North-East crater had the bottom clogged with debris and did not present thermal and degassing anomalies, except of fumarolic type.

Source : INGV

Photos : INGV , F. Ciancitto .

Read the article: https://www.ct.ingv.it/index.php/monitoraggio-e-sorveglianza/prodotti-del-monitoraggio/bollettini-settimanali-multidisciplinari/666-bollettino-Settimanale-sul-monitoraggio-vulcanico-geochimico-e-sismico-del-vulcano-Etna-del-2022-07-19/file

 

Hawaii , Lōʻihi :

HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY INFORMATION STATEMENT. U.S. Geological Survey , Sunday, July 17, 2022, 2:53 PM HST (Monday, July 18, 2022, 00:53 UTC)

KAMA’EHUAKANALOA (Lōʻihi) (VNUM #332000)
18°55’12 » N 155°16’12 » W,
Summit Elevation -3199 ft (-975 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: UNASSIGNED
Current Aviation Color Code: UNASSIGNED

HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY INFORMATION STATEMENT

HVO has revised the format of earthquake information statements; the new format includes the same information as that provided in HVO’s past earthquake information statements.

Increased seismic activity beneath Kamaʻehuakanaloa (Lōʻihi) seamount, south of the Island of Hawaiʻi, began at approximately 2:00 a.m. HST on July 16, 2022. The U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory detected seismic tremor marked by pulses of seismic energy every 15-20 seconds, which is still ongoing at the time of this release. Approximately 24 hours after this activity began, two dozen M1.8-M3.0 earthquakes occurred from 1:30 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. on July 17th.

According to HVO Scientist-in-Charge Ken Hon “This seismic activity is likely the result of magma movement beneath Kamaʻehuakanaloa seamount and currently shows no sign of leading to an eruption. If the swarm intensifies or changes significantly, HVO will issue an additional notice. Because of the great depth of the volcano within the ocean and style of Hawaiian eruptions, an eruption of Kamaʻehuakanaloa would pose no threat to the Island of Hawaiʻi. Neither Mauna Loa nor Kīlauea volcanoes show any change in activity associated with this earthquake swarm.” 

Source : HVO.

Photo : HVO ( archive) .

 

Kamchatka , Sheveluch :

VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION (VONA)

Issued: July 20 , 2022.
Volcano: Sheveluch (CAVW #300270)
Current aviation colour code: ORANGE
Previous aviation colour code: orange
Source: KVERT
Notice Number: 2022-78
Volcano Location: N 56 deg 38 min E 161 deg 18 min
Area: Kamchatka, Russia
Summit Elevation: 3283 m (10768.24 ft), the dome elevation ~2500 m (8200 ft)

Volcanic Activity Summary:
A growth of the lava dome continues, a strong fumarolic activity, and an incandescence of the lava dome, explosions, and hot avalanches accompanies this process. Video data by KVERT showed an ash plume up to 5 km a.s.l. extending to the east from the volcano.
The extrusive eruption of the volcano continues. Ash explosions up to 10-15 km (32,800-49,200 ft) a.s.l. could occur at any time. Ongoing activity could affect international and low-flying aircraft.

Volcanic cloud height:
5000 m (16400 ft) AMSL Time and method of ash plume/cloud height determination: 20220720/0508Z – Video data

Other volcanic cloud information:
Distance of ash plume/cloud of the volcano: 15 km (9 mi)
Direction of drift of ash plume/cloud of the volcano: E
Time and method of ash plume/cloud determination: 20220720/0508Z – Video data

Source : Kvert.

Photo : Yu. Demyanchuk, IVS FEB RAS, KVERT

 

Chile , Tupungatito :

Special Report on Volcanic Activity (REAV), Santiago Metropolitana Region, Tupungatito Volcano, July 19, 2022, 2:58 p.m. local time (mainland Chile).

The National Service of Geology and Mines of Chile (Sernageomin) publishes the following PRELIMINARY information, obtained through the monitoring equipment of the National Volcanic Monitoring Network (RNVV), processed and analyzed at the Volcanological Observatory of the Southern Andes ( Ovdas):

On Tuesday July 19, 2022, at 2:15 p.m. local time (6:15 p.m. UTC), the monitoring stations installed near the Tupungatito volcano recorded an earthquake associated with the fracturing of rocks (volcano-tectonic type) in the volcanic system.

 

The characteristics of earthquakes after their analysis are as follows:

ORIGINAL TIME: 2:15 p.m. local time (6:15 p.m. UTC)
LATITUDE: 33.282°S
LONGITUDE: 69.758°W
DEPTH: 2.3 km
LOCAL MAGNITUDE: 3.4ml

COMMENTS:
Following the occurrence of the volcano-tectonic event, at the time of the issuance of this report, 23 events of similar characteristics of lower energy were recorded.

The volcanic technical alert remains at the Green level.

Sources :  Sernageomin.

Photo : Sernageomin.

 

Italy , Stromboli :

WEEKLY BULLETIN from July 07, 2022 to July 07, 2022 (Issue date July 19, 2022)

ACTIVITY STATUS SUMMARY
In the light of the surveillance data, it is highlighted:

1) VOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS: In this period a normal explosive activity of Strombolian type was observed. The total hourly frequency of explosions varied at low values (3-5 events/h) with the sole exception of 6 events/h on July 17. The intensity of the explosions was low to medium in both the North Crater area and the Center-South Crater area.

2) SEISMOLOGY: The seismological parameters monitored do not show any significant variations.
3) GROUND DEFORMATIONS: During the period studied, the island’s ground deformation monitoring networks did not record any significant variations.
4) GEOCHEMISTRY: SO2 flux at a low level
CO2 fluxes in the crater area remain at average values (about 7200 g/m2*g).
The average weekly value of the C/S ratio in the plume is on average values (C/S = 9.6)
There are no updates on the isotope ratio of helium in groundwater.
5) SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS: The thermal activity observed by satellite in the summit area was weak.

VOLCANOLOGICAL NOTES:
Field observations following the inspection in the summit area:

As part of the UN departmental project, volcanic activity was observed on Stromboli on July 14-15-16-17-18, 2022. On July 15, 2022 the observation was made from the Pizzo and the Roccette shelters, 14, 16 and 17 at an altitude of 400m along the northern edge of the Sciara del Fuoco and 18 at an altitude of 190m. The activity, in general, was low both in terms of intensity of explosions and number of events.
In the Center-South zone, there was continuous degassing which affected the entire area.
The explosive activity of the Center-South zone was localized near S2 where sporadic explosions occur with the production of diluted plumes of ash, mainly remodeled, of light brown color.

a) Mouth of circular shape present inside the N2 characterized by an incandescence. b) Detail of the external N2 mouth (Sciara side) characterized by the presence of incandescence.

In the northern zone, the N2 crater showed modest and discontinuous degassing. Through overflights with drones, the presence of a circular vent characterized by the presence of incandescence was observed. In addition, from the 15th, continuous intense degassing/puffing activity was observed from the mouth positioned on the outer side of the N2 (Sciara side). This outgassing produced an incandescence due to the heating of the rocks by the gas, visible during the day thanks to drone overflights and at night in the form of a persistent glow. The N2 crater produces mostly gas explosions every few tens of minutes which can be heard as dry rumblings.
In the crater area N1 there are at least 2 main vents, the first faces the Pizzo and is characterized by weak but continuous degassing; the second vent, facing the Sciara, showed explosive activity of varying intensity. Explosions up to 18 emitted coarse, low-energy, partly weathered material that fell in the immediate vicinity of the innermost vent of the N1 zone mixed with fine ash, which remained suspended in the atmosphere a few tens of meters above the crater and dispersed as a light-colored plume. The emissions last for tens of seconds and are associated with a continuous jet noise. These explosions occur quite regularly, approximately every 20 to 35 minutes. During the five days of observation, it was possible to observe an increase in the intensity of the explosions, which was gradually enriched with juvenile material. On the 18th, the explosions were characterized by increased energy and almost exclusively from juvenile material.

Source : INGV

Photos : INGV , Sebastiano Cannavo / Stromboli Stati d’animo , INGV.

Read the article https://www.ct.ingv.it/index.php/monitoraggio-e-sorveglianza/prodotti-del-monitoraggio/bollettini-settimanali-multidisciplinari/667-bollettino-Settimanale-sul-monitoraggio-vulcanico-geochimico-e-sismico-del-vulcano-Stromboli-del-2022-07-19/file

May 13, 2020. EN. Peru : Ubinas , Italy / Sicily : Etna , United States / Hawaii : Lōʻihi Seamount , Colombia : Chiles / Cerro Negro .

May 13 , 2020.

 

 

Peru , Ubinas :

Analysis period: May 4 to 10, 2020. Arequipa, May 11, 2020.
Alert level: ORANGE

The Geophysical Institute of Peru (IGP) reports that the dynamic behavior of the Ubinas volcano remains at low levels. Therefore, in the short term, no eruptive activity is planned for the volcano, so that the population can exercise its activities normally according to government directives and the state of health emergency.

Between April 4 and 10, the IGP recorded and analyzed a total of 48 seismic events associated with the dynamic behavior of the Ubinas volcano, with the predominance of seismic signals of the Volcano-tectonic (VT) type, related to the fracturing of rocks inside the volcano.

During May 9 and 10, there was a slight increase in the number of TV-type signals, with an average recording of 6 earthquakes per day of magnitude less than M1.7.
Surveillance cameras recorded light and sporadic emissions of volcanic gases and water vapor, with heights less than 300 m above the summit of the volcano.

The monitoring of the deformation of the volcanic structure does not record any significant anomalies.
MIROVA satellite surveillance did not record any thermal anomalies.

RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended to decrease the volcanic alert level from orange to green.
Do not approach a radius less than 3 km from the crater of the volcano.
Do not neglect preventive actions in the event of a possible increase in volcanic activity.

Source : IGP Pérou .

 

Italy / Sicily , Etna :

Weekly bulletin from May 04, 2020 to May 10, 2020 (issue date May 12, 2020)

SUMMARY OF THE STATUS OF THE ACTIVITY

In light of the monitoring data, it is underlined:
1) VOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS: Strombolian activity in the crater of Voragine with periodic emission of ashes. Strombolian activity with occasional ash emissions from the New Southeast Crater. In general, the intensity of activity in the different craters has changed from day to day, with large fluctuations even daily.
2) SEISMOLOGY: weak seismic activity due to fracturing; amplitude of the variable volcanic tremor in the low-medium-high levels.
3) INFRASONES: Animated infrasound activity from the afternoon of May 7.
4) DEFORMATIONS: The Etna soil deformation monitoring networks have not shown any significant variation to report during the last week.
5) GEOCHEMISTRY: The flow of SO2 is at a medium-low level. The values ​​of the soil CO2 flux are medium-high values ​​with a decreasing trend which started in the first days of May. The partial pressure of dissolved CO2 does not show significant variations. The C \ S ratio recorded in discrete mode (sampling carried out on May 8) at the Voragine crater is at high values ​​consistent with the activity recorded in recent days
6) SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS: The thermal activity in the summit area is at a moderate level.

 

VOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
During the week, monitoring of volcanic activity in the summit craters of Etna was carried out by analyzing images from the network of surveillance cameras from the INGV Catania section, Etneo Observatory (INGV-OE) and through various inspections carried out by INGV-OE staff (Andronico D., Coltelli M., De Beni E., Greco F.), on 5-8 and 9 May. The eruptive activity was produced by the crater of Voragine and the New Southeast Crater. In particular, on May 5, an increase in ash emissions from the New Southeast Crater was recorded, this pulsating activity formed a plume of ash diluted in the South-Southeast direction. This activity is probably linked to a morphological variation visible in Figure 3.4 (boxes C1 and C2), where we observe a widening of mouth number 3 in favor of mouth number 2. Finally on May 10, there was an increase in the eruptive activity of the New Southeast Crater with continuous Strombolian activity and launch of products beyond the edge of the crater. Some blocks have fallen, partly accumulating on the edge of the crater, others have rolled along the slopes. In addition to the eruptive activity of the New Southeast Crater, there has also been an increase in activity in the Voragine crater, with the launch of ballistic products on the edge of the crater. After a few hours, this activity will see a significant decrease in the strombolian activity of the New Southeast Crater, where there was still a strong degassing, while the Voragine crater still had an explosive activity with less intensity and frequency than previous hours.

 

In particular, on May 5, the explosive activity in the Voragine crater was relatively light and very discontinuous. Silent or almost ash emissions, rarely associated with the explosion of incandescent flaps, were repeated at intervals of a few minutes to tens of minutes exclusively from the main cone. Bombs of different sizes were found on the south terrace of the Bocca Nuova crater, probably linked to the explosion that occurred on the night of May 3 to 4 and reported in the last weekly bulletin. During the reconnaissance on May 8, the activity of the main cone remained almost unchanged, with isolated and modest ash emissions, of an intensity similar or lower than those observed on May 5. However, there was high explosive activity on the March 9 cone (the one east of the main cone),. The explosions produced a lot of ash but also abundant coarse matter of dimensions up to the meter, with a frequency of 1 every 15-20 minutes, which was scattered both on the western edge of the Voragine and on the terrace B of the Bocca Nuova crater. We found a carpet of lithic blocks and dense juvenile bombs, average size less than 15-20 cm.

 

During the May 09 inspection of the summit craters, images were taken by the drone group. From the images taken by drone during the inspection of the summit craters on 09 May 2020, the corresponding thermal images are visible on the left. A – A1: Bocca Nuova and Voragine seen from the South, there is an explosion with the growing cone inside the crater of Voragine in the East, it is another active mouth. B-B2: Bocca Nuova, South-East crater and New South-east crater seen from the South-East, in the thermal image there are two thermal anomalies, the first further west at « the mouth of the saddle « between SEC and NSEC, the second east of » panettone « . C-C1: detail of the mouths of the NSEC taken from the South, two active are clearly recognized (2 and 3), intensely fumarolic and which during the inspection emitted small quantities of reddish ash. … / …

Source : INGV.

Read the whole article http://www.ct.ingv.it/joomlatools-files/docman-files/multidisciplinari/BollettinoEtna20200512.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0oslsKeptOjjgu_YKdRbk8g0V1o93PXGVFpDputdsOmfueyoCjoULd8yQ

Photos : Gio Giusa , guide vulcanologiche etna nord , INGV.

 

United States / Hawaii , Lōʻihi Seamount :

18°55’12 » N 155°16’12 » W,
Summit Elevation -3199 ft (-975 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: UNASSIGNED
Current Aviation Color Code: UNASSIGNED

SUMMARY
Earthquake activity increased Sunday and Monday in the vicinity of Lōʻihi seamount, the youngest Hawaiian volcano located approximately 35 km (21.7 mi) southeast of Pāhala, at a water depth of ~1 km (~3300 ft) below sea level. There is no indication that a submarine eruption has occurred and there are no significant hazards of concern to the Island of Hawaiʻi at this time.

OBSERVATIONS
Beginning about 3:00 a.m. HST on May 11, 2020 and continuing through the morning of May 12, HVO detected more than 100 earthquakes beneath Lōʻihi, including 79 magnitude-2 (M2) and 19 magnitude-3 (M3) and above. This is a significant increase above long term background rates of fewer than 3 earthquakes per day at Lōʻihi, generally with magnitudes less than 2 . The number of earthquakes peaked at 14 per hour between 1 and 2 pm on Monday afternoon and decreased thereafter. Since the early morning hours of May 12, earthquake rates have been less than 4 per hour.

The earthquake swarm is located beneath the southeast rift zone and southeastern flank of Lōʻihi at depths of 3.6 to 12.4 km (2.2 to 7.7 mi) below sea level or approximately 1 to 9.8 km (0.6 to 6 mi) below the volcano’s surface.

 

 

INTERPRETATION AND HAZARD
This swarm may represent a brief magmatic intrusion or movement of magmatic fluids within the volcanic edifice . Although the swarm appears to have diminished in intensity, if earthquakes become shallower, it could lead to the beginning of a submarine eruption, similar to what occurred in 1996.

An eruption of Lōʻihi, if it were to occur, may cause partial draining of its summit magma chamber and summit collapse, as happened in 1996. Significant, sudden changes to the volcano’s surface could displace large volumes of ocean water, which, if large enough, might generate very small local tsunami waves . Earthquakes of magnitude 4 and above could occur if the swarm were to intensify and these may be felt on the Island of Hawaiʻi.

If an eruption or stronger earthquakes occur, very small tsunami waves may affect southeast shores of the Island of Hawaiʻi. Relatively low-energy, steam- and gas-driven explosions can occur at the depth of Lōʻihi, but with limited local effects on the volcano and surrounding ocean water.

There is no direct relationship between the current Lōʻihi swarm and the ongoing increased seismicity observed in Pāhala over the past year. The Lōʻihi swarm is ~35 km (21.7 mi) southeast of Pāhala, at significantly shallower depths. The current Lōʻihi swarm is also unrelated to seismicity observed on the south flank of Kīlauea.

Source : HVO.

 

Colombia , Chiles / Cerro Negro :

Weekly activity bulletin of Chiles and Cerro Negro volcanoes
Volcanic activity continues at the YELLOW LEVEL ■ (III): CHANGES IN THE BEHAVIOR OF VOLCANIC ACTIVITY.

According to the monitoring of the activity of the CHILE VOLCANOES and CERRO NEGRO, the COLOMBIAN GEOLOGICAL SERVICE (SGC) reports that:

Between May 5 and May 11, 2020, seismic activity in the Chiles – Cerro Negro volcano region continued, linked to rock fractures in volcanic buildings. There was no significant change in terms of seismic occurrence, however, compared to the previous week, a significant increase in the released seismic energy was observed, mainly due to the occurrence of earthquakes recorded on May 8 at 6:23 p.m. and 6:27 p.m., which reached magnitude values on the Richter scale of 2.8 and 3.2 respectively, both reported to be felt by residents of Resguardo de Chiles.

 

In addition, on May 11, two earthquakes were recorded with local magnitude values of 2.7 and 2.2, however, there were no reports that they were felt. In general, seismicity was localized to the south and south-east of the Chiles volcano, at epicentral distances less than 6 km and at depths up to 10 km from its summit.

The volcanic deformation record is kept at one of the monitoring stations. The other geophysical and geochemical monitoring parameters did not show significant variations.

Source : SGC.

Photo : SGC.

 

13 Mai 2020. FR. Perou : Ubinas , Italie / Sicile : Etna , Etats – Unis / Hawaii : Lōʻihi Seamount , Colombie : Chiles / Cerro Negro .

13 Mai 2020.

 

 

Pérou , Ubinas :

Période d’analyse: 4 au 10 mai 2020 . Arequipa, 11 mai 2020 .
Niveau d’alerte: ORANGE

L’Institut géophysique du Pérou (IGP) rapporte que le comportement dynamique du volcan Ubinas reste à de faibles niveaux. Par conséquent, à court terme, aucune activité éruptive n’est prévue pour le volcan, de sorte que la population peut exercer ses activités normalement selon les directives du gouvernement et l’état d’urgence sanitaire.

Entre le 4 et le 10 avril, l’IGP a enregistré et analysé un total de 48 événements sismiques associés au comportement dynamique du volcan Ubinas, avec la prédominance de signaux sismiques de type Volcano-tectonique (VT), liés à la fracturation des roches à l’intérieur du volcan.

Au cours des 9 et 10 mai, il y a eu une légère augmentation du nombre de signaux de type TV, avec un enregistrement moyen de 6 tremblements de terre par jour de magnitude inférieure à M1,7.
Les caméras de surveillance ont enregistré des émissions légères et sporadiques de gaz d’origine volcanique et de vapeur d’eau, avec des hauteurs inférieures à 300 m au-dessus du sommet du volcan.
La surveillance de la déformation de la structure volcanique n’enregistre pas d’ anomalies importantes.
La surveillance par satellite MIROVA n’a pas enregistré d’anomalies thermiques.

RECOMMANDATIONS 
Il est recommandé de diminuer le niveau d’alerte volcanique de la couleur orange à vert.
Ne pas s’ approcher d’un rayon inférieur à 3 km du cratère du volcan.
Ne négligez pas les actions préventives en cas d’augmentation éventuelle de l’activité volcanique.

Source : IGP Pérou .

 

Italie / Sicile , Etna :

Bulletin hebdomadaire du 04 Mai 2020 au 10 Mai 2020 (date d’émission 12 Mai 2020)

RÉSUMÉ DU STATUT DE L’ACTIVITÉ

À la lumière des données de surveillance, il est souligné:
1) OBSERVATIONS VOLCANOLOGIQUES: Activité strombolienne dans le cratère de la Voragine avec émission périodique de cendres. Activité strombolienne avec des émissions occasionnelles de cendres du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est. En général, l’intensité de l’activité dans les différents cratères a changé de jour en jour, avec des fluctuations importantes même quotidiennement.
2) SISMOLOGIE: faible activité sismique due à la fracturation; amplitude du tremor volcanique variable dans les niveaux bas-moyen-élevé.
3) INFRASONS: Activité infrasonore animée à partir de l’après-midi du 7 mai.
4) DÉFORMATIONS: Les réseaux de surveillance des déformations du sol de l’Etna n’ont montré aucune variation significative à signaler au cours de la dernière semaine.
5) GÉOCHIMIE: Le flux de SO2 est à un niveau moyen-bas. Les valeurs du flux de CO2 du sol sont des valeurs moyennes-élevées avec une tendance à la baisse qui a commencé dans les premiers jours de mai. La pression partielle de CO2 dissous ne présente pas de variations importantes. Le rapport C \ S enregistré en mode discret (échantillonnage réalisé le 8 mai) au cratère de la Voragine se situe à des valeurs élevées cohérentes avec l’activité enregistrée ces derniers jours
6) OBSERVATIONS SATELLITES: L’activité thermique dans la zone du sommet est à un niveau modéré.

 

OBSERVATIONS VOLCANOLOGIQUES
Au cours de la semaine, le suivi de l’activité volcanique dans les cratères sommitaux de l’Etna a été réalisé en analysant les images du réseau de caméras de surveillance de la section INGV Catania, Observatoire Etneo (INGV-OE ) et au travers de diverses inspections effectuées par le personnel d’INGV-OE (Andronico D., Coltelli M., De Beni E., Greco F.), les 5-8 et 9 mai. L’activité éruptive a été produite par le cratère de la Voragine et du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est. En particulier, le 5 mai, une augmentation des émissions de cendres du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est a été enregistrée  , cette activité pulsatile a formé un panache de cendres dilué dans le sens Sud-Sud-Est. Cette activité est probablement liée à une variation morphologique visible sur la figure 3.4 (cadres C1 et C2), où l’on observe un élargissement de la bouche numéro 3 en faveur de la bouche numéro 2. Enfin le 10 Mai, il y a eu une augmentation de l’activité éruptive du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est avec une activité strombolienne continue et lancement de produits au-delà du bord du cratère. Certains blocs sont retombés en s’accumulant en partie sur le bord du cratère, d’autres ont roulé le long des pentes. Parallèlement à l’activité éruptive du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est, il y a également eu une augmentation de l’activité dans le cratère de la Voragine , avec le lancement de produits balistiques sur le bord du cratère. Après quelques heures, cette activité verra une diminution significative de l’activité strombolienne du Nouveau Cratère Sud-Est, où il y avait encore un fort dégazage, tandis que le cratère de la Voragine avait toujours une activité explosive avec moins d’intensité et de fréquence que les heures précédentes.

 

En particulier, le 5 mai, l’activité explosive dans le cratère de la Voragine a été relativement légère et très discontinue. Des émissions silencieuses ou presque de cendres, rarement associées à l’explosion de lambeaux incandescents, ont été répétées à des intervalles de quelques minutes à des dizaines de minutes exclusivement à partir du cône principal  . Des bombes de différentes tailles ont été trouvées sur la terrasse Sud du cratère de la Bocca Nuova, probablement liées à l’explosion qui s’est produite dans la nuit du 3 au 4 mai et rapportée dans le dernier bulletin hebdomadaire. Lors de la reconnaissance du 8 mai, l’activité du cône principal est restée quasiment inchangée, avec des émissions de cendres isolées et modestes, d’une intensité similaire ou inférieure à celles observées le 5 mai. Cependant, il y avait une forte activité explosive sur le cône du 9 mars (celui à l’Est du cône principal), . Les explosions ont produit beaucoup de cendres mais aussi d’abondantes matières grossières de dimensions allant jusqu’au mètre, avec une fréquence de 1 toutes les 15-20 minutes, qui était dispersées à la fois sur le bord Ouest de la Voragine et sur la terrasse B du cratère de la Bocca Nuova . On y a trouvé un tapis de blocs lithiques et de bombes juvéniles denses, de taille moyenne de moins de 15-20 cm.

 

Lors de l’inspection du 09 mai des cratères sommitaux, des images ont été prises par le groupe des drones. A partir des images prises par drone lors de l’inspection du 09 mai 2020 des cratères sommitaux, les images thermiques correspondantes sont visibles à gauche. A – A1: Bocca Nuova et Voragine vues du Sud, il y a une explosion au cône en croissance à l’intérieur du cratère de la Voragine à l’Est , c’est une autre bouche active. B-B2: Bocca Nuova , Cratère Sud-Est et Nouveau cratère Sud-Est vu du Sud-Est, dans l’image thermique il y a deux anomalies thermiques, la première plus à l’Ouest à « l’embouchure de la selle » entre le SEC et NSEC, la seconde à l’Est du « panettone ». C-C1: détail des bouches du NSEC prises du Sud, deux actives sont clairement reconnues (les 2 et les 3), intensément fumeroliennes et qui lors de l’inspection ont émis de petites quantités de cendres rougeâtres.  …/…

Source : INGV.

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Photos : Gio Giusa , guide vulcanologiche etna nord , INGV.

 

Etats-Unis / Hawaii , Lōʻihi Seamount :

18 ° 55’12 « N 155 ° 16’12 » O,
Élévation du sommet -3199 pi (-975 m)
Niveau d’alerte volcanique actuel: NON ASSIGNÉ
Code couleur de l’aviation actuel: NON ASSIGNÉ

SOMMAIRE
L’activité sismique a augmenté dimanche et lundi à proximité du mont sous-marin Lōʻihi, le plus jeune volcan hawaïen situé à environ 35 km (21,7 mi) au sud-est de Pāhala, à une profondeur d’eau d’environ 1 km (~ 3300 pieds) sous le niveau de la mer. Rien n’indique qu’une éruption sous-marine se soit produite et il n’y a actuellement aucun danger important pour l’île d’Hawaï.

OBSERVATIONS
À partir de 3 h 00 HST le 11 mai 2020 et jusqu’au matin du 12 mai, le HVO a détecté plus de 100 tremblements de terre sous Lōʻihi, dont 79 de magnitude 2 (M2) et 19 de magnitude 3 (M3) et au-dessus. Il s’agit d’une augmentation significative par rapport aux taux de fond à long terme de moins de 3 tremblements de terre par jour sous Lōʻihi, généralement avec des magnitudes inférieures à 2. Le nombre de tremblements de terre a culminé à 14 par heure entre 13 heures et 14 heures le lundi après-midi et a diminué par la suite. Depuis les premières heures du matin du 12 mai, les taux de tremblement de terre ont été inférieurs à 4 par heure.

L’essaim de tremblements de terre est situé sous la zone de Rift Sud-Est et le flanc Sud-Est de Lōʻihi à des profondeurs de 3,6 à 12,4 km (2,2 à 7,7 mi) sous le niveau de la mer ou à environ 1 à 9,8 km (0,6 à 6 mi) sous la surface du volcan.

 

 

INTERPRÉTATION ET DANGER
Cet essaim peut représenter une brève intrusion magmatique ou un mouvement de fluides magmatiques à l’intérieur de l’édifice volcanique. Bien que l’essaim semble avoir diminué en intensité, si les tremblements de terre devenaient moins profonds, cela pourrait conduire au début d’une éruption sous-marine, similaire à ce qui s’est produit en 1996.

Une éruption de Lōʻihi, si elle se produisait, pourrait entraîner un drainage partiel de sa chambre magmatique au sommet et l’effondrement du sommet, comme cela s’est produit en 1996. Des changements importants et soudains à la surface du volcan pourraient déplacer de grands volumes d’eau de mer, qui, s’ils étaient suffisamment grands , pourrait générer de très petites vagues locales de tsunami. Des tremblements de terre de magnitude 4 et plus pourraient se produire si l’essaim s’intensifiait et ils pourraient se faire sentir sur l’île d’Hawaï.

Si une éruption ou des tremblements de terre plus forts se produisent, de très petites vagues de tsunami peuvent affecter les rives Sud-Est de l’île d’Hawaï. Des explosions de basse énergie, entraînées par la vapeur et le gaz peuvent se produire à la profondeur de Lōʻihi, mais avec des effets locaux limités sur le volcan et les eaux océaniques environnantes.

Il n’y a pas de relation directe entre l’essaim actuel de Lōʻihi et l’augmentation de la sismicité observée à Pāhala au cours de l’année écoulée. L’essaim de Lōʻihi se trouve à environ 35 km (21,7 mi) au Sud-Est de Pāhala, à des profondeurs nettement moins profondes. L’essaim actuel de Lōʻihi n’est pas non plus lié à la sismicité observée sur le flanc Sud du Kīlauea.

Source : HVO.

 

Colombie , Chiles / Cerro Negro :

Bulletin d’activité hebdomadaire des volcans Chiles et Cerro Negro
L’activité volcanique se poursuit au NIVEAU JAUNE ■ (III): CHANGEMENTS DANS LE COMPORTEMENT DE L’ACTIVITÉ VOLCANIQUE.

D’après le suivi de l’activité des VOLCANS CHILES ET CERRO NEGRO, le COLOMBIAN GEOLOGICAL SERVICE (SGC) rapporte que:

Entre le 5 et le 11 mai 2020, l’activité sismique dans la région des volcans Chiles – Cerro Negro s’est poursuivie, liée à des fractures rocheuses dans des bâtiments volcaniques. Il n’y a pas eu de changement significatif en termes d’occurrence sismique, cependant, par rapport à la semaine précédente, une augmentation importante de l’énergie sismique libérée a été observée, principalement en raison de l’occurrence des tremblements de terre enregistrés le 8 mai à 18 h 23 et 18 h 27, qui ont atteint des valeurs de magnitude sur l’échelle de Richter de 2,8 et 3,2 respectivement, tout deux signalés comme ressentis par les habitants de Resguardo de Chiles.

 

De plus, le 11 mai, deux tremblements de terre ont été enregistrés avec des valeurs de magnitude locale de 2,7 et 2,2, cependant, il n’y a eu aucun rapport indiquant qu’ils aient été ressentis. En général, la sismicité était localisée vers le Sud et le Sud-Est du volcan Chiles, à des distances épicentrales inférieures à 6 km et à des profondeurs allant jusqu’à 10 km de son sommet.

L’enregistrement de la déformation volcanique est conservé à l’une des stations de surveillance. Les autres paramètres de surveillance géophysique et géochimique n’ont pas montré de variations significatives.

Source : SGC.

Photo : SGC.