July 29, 2022. EN . Japan : Sakurajima , Indonesia : Raung , Ecuador / Colombia : Chiles / Cerro Negro , Hawaii : Kilauea , Canary Islands : La Palma / Tenerife .

July 29 , 2022.

 

Japan , Sakurajima :

The Japan Meteorological Agency has lowered the volcanic alert level for Sakurajima in Kagoshima Prefecture, southwestern Japan, from 5 to 3 on a 5-point scale.

Level 5 forces nearby residents to evacuate.
Level 3 advises people to stay away from the volcano.
Agency officials lowered the alert level to 3 at 8 p.m. Wednesday on the grounds that the possibility of projections of large volcanic rocks more than 2 kilometers away is now low.

With the downgrade, Kagoshima city officials lifted the evacuation order for residents living nearby. The order had been put in place after the massive eruption on Sunday.

But officials are urging people to watch out for possible pyroclastic flows and rock throwing within a radius of about 2 kilometers around the volcano’s two craters.

Source : 3.nhk.or.jp

Photo : VTL via Alicja Szojer ( archive).

 

Indonesia , Raung :

Mount Raung erupted on Wednesday, July 27, 2022 at 5:19 p.m. WIB with an ash column height observed at ± 1500 m above the summit (± 4832 m above sea level). The ash column is observed to be gray with moderate intensity, oriented to the west and northwest. This eruption was recorded on a seismograph with a maximum amplitude of 32 mm and a duration of 540 seconds.

Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG) coordinator Oktory Prambada said the eruption was not caused by the activity of a magma movement. “There is no interaction of the magma in the magma chamber, it is in the pockets above,” he said, contacted by Tempo, Thursday, July 28, 2022. “It happened in 540 seconds. »

According to him, the ash column observed during the eruption was not dense, indicating that the collapse only occurred on the surface. « There are no inland earthquakes, only surface dynamics with very many parameters that can trigger eruptions, » he said.

Oktory said there were no volcanic earthquakes associated with magma chamber activity before the eruption. Monitoring equipment found that the dominant event was in the form of surface earthquakes, including swarms.

« It is concluded that the dynamics of the pressure source is located at the shallow depth of the crater. It is related to the blockage of the eruption center when a new cone forms in the Mount Raung crater. The consequence of the blockage causes excessive pressure on the surface, resulting in an eruption, » Oktory said.

The eruption that occurred was considered relatively small. « It’s just a release of energy or an outgassing, but more because what collapsed was on the surface, because it was clogged.

Source : Magma Indonésie , Tempo . com.

Photo : Paula Caiado

 

Colombia , Chiles / Cerro Negro :

Joint Technical Report: Increased Seismic and Volcanic Activity.

context
Since 2013, in the area surrounding the volcanic complex Chiles – Cerro Negro (CVCCN) began a series of seismic manifestations that triggered a crisis with earthquakes that were felt by residents of the populations of Chiles in Colombia and Tufiño in Ecuador. Seismicity peaked on October 20, 2014 with the appearance of an earthquake of magnitude 5.6 Mw (magnitude of the moment) and a count of more than 8000 volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes per day. This earthquake, although relatively large, did not cause significant damage, but was felt in very distant areas, such as Quito, the capital of Ecuador located more than 120 km away, and the city of Pasto, capital of the department of Nariño, Colombia, located 90 km. Since then, several earthquake swarms have been recorded in the region, including events felt with magnitudes close to 5. The complex interaction between the CVCCN magmatic system, regional tectonic faults and the hydrothermal system plays a role crucial for the interpretation of the processes occurring in this area.

Given its location in the border area, belonging to the province of Carchi – Ecuador and the department of Nariño – Colombia, the CVCCN is jointly monitored by the Geophysical Institute of the National Polytechnic School (Ecuador) and the Colombian Geological Service through the Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Pasto (Colombia).

Seismicity
The CVCCN shows a further increase in seismic activity from May 27, 2022. Figure 1a shows the histogram with the number of daily events since the seismic crisis that began to stand out since the end of 2013; Figure 1b shows an extended window of the current period, which shows the increase in the number of VT earthquakes that average more than 1000 events per day. This seismicity is mainly characterized by VT type earthquakes, which are generally related to rock fracturing. However, in the last week, the seismic monitoring networks of Ecuador and Colombia have also detected the presence of long period (LP) and very long period (VLP) type events, which are generally linked to the movements of magmatic or hydrothermal fluids in volcanic systems.

Daily occurrence of VT (red bars) and LP (yellow bars) events in the CVCCN from automatic detection and counting and assisted in its review by the Colombian Geological Survey for the periods: a) November 2013 to July 2022 , and b) from May to July 26, 2022.

Geodesy
The cGPS geodetic bases located near the Chiles volcano are currently recording deformation patterns on the flanks of the volcano. The figure shows the data series of the vertical component, corresponding to the CHLW base, located on the southwest flank. The yellow band highlights the period between April and July 2022, during which the data can be seen to show an upward trend, describing an inflation pattern. Compared to the rate or rate of ascent recorded by CHLW between 2016 and 2020 (approximately 28 mm/year), it is currently at an average speed of 106 mm/year, the most notable inflation rate recorded since 2014 in the Chiles-Cerro Negro volcanic complex.

Time series of displacement (deformation) data recorded in a vertical direction by the cGPS CHLW base, located on the southwest flank of the Chiles volcano, between January 2020 and July 2022. The red segmented line represents the data trend since April 2022 and the green lines represent the reliability margins of the mathematical model that describes them.

Conclusions
According to indicators derived from volcanic monitoring, there is evidence of an evolution of activity in the CVCCN region characterized by:

An increase in deformation from April 2022 with an inflationary pattern on the southern flank of Chiles and the Caldera de Potrerillos.
Increase in the occurrence of earthquakes associated with rock fracturing (VT) since the end of May 2022, highlighting the presence of seismic sources closer to the Chiles volcano, with more superficial hypocenters. This is coupled with greater attenuation of coda waves, suggesting a medium with greater fluid input, and which is also reflected in the occurrence of earthquakes associated with fluid dynamics (LP).
Physico-chemical changes in hot springs: gaseous emissions, high temperatures and morphological changes (El Hondón) indicating disturbance of the hydrothermal system caused by seismicity and interaction with the magmatic system.

Source : IGEPN.

Read the article : https://www.igepn.edu.ec/servicios/noticias/1946-informe-especial-complejo-volcanico-chiles-cerro-negro-no-2022-03

Photos : IGEPN

 

Hawaii , Kilauea :

19°25’16 » N 155°17’13 » W,
Summit Elevation 4091 ft (1247 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: WATCH
Current Aviation Color Code: ORANGE

Activity Summary:
The summit eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, within Halemaʻumaʻu crater, has continued over the past 24 hours. All recent lava activity has been confined to the crater and current data indicate that this scenario is likely to continue. No significant changes have been noted at the summit or in either rift zone.

Summit Observations:
Eruption of lava from the Halemaʻumaʻu western vent into the active lava lake has continued over the past 24 hours. The lava level of the active lake surface remained at the level of the bounding levees. Over the last 24 hours, there were no significant ooze-outs along the margins of the crater floor. Summit tiltmeters show a gradual inflationary trend over the last 24 hours. A sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rate of approximately 1,700 tonnes per day (t/d) was measured on July 25, 2022. Summit tremor is steady for this eruption’s long term base-line level.

A view of the Airborne Electromagnetic and Magnetic (AEM) survey over Kaluapele—Kīlauea summit caldera—taken from Uēkahuna overlook in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. The loop system below the helicopter transmits weak, low-frequency radio waves into the ground and measures the Earth response as well as passively detects variations in the Earth’s magnetic field. These variations will allow scientists to image the shallow (upper 2,000 ft) magmatic structure, fault systems, and groundwater pathways beneath Kīlauea’s surface.

Rift Zone Observations:
No unusual activity has been noted along the East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone; steady rates of ground deformation and seismicity continue along both. Measurements from continuous gas monitoring stations downwind of Puʻuʻōʻō in the middle East Rift Zone remain below detection limits for SO2, indicating that SO2 emissions from Puʻuʻōʻō are negligible.

Source : HVO

Photo : USGS / K. Mulliken.

 

Canary Islands , La Palma / Tenerife :

More than five months after the end of the eruption on the island of La Palma, the geophysical and geochemical parameters have still not returned to normal; therefore, its volcanic fire is in the YELLOW position. This implies that residents and visitors should continue to be attentive to communications from civil protection authorities.
Regarding seismicity, we note that during the last week the Canarian seismic network has recorded 75 seismic events of low magnitude, whose maximum value of M3.3 has been linked to an earthquake located in the North from the island of Tenerife on July 16. The total seismic energy released last week in the archipelago was 9.2 gigajoules, an amount similar to the electricity demand of the island of El Hierro for about 28 minutes.

The earthquakes were located mainly on the islands of Tenerife and La Palma. Low magnitude seismicity remains in the latter, much lower than the seismicity observed during the 2021 eruption. The Canary Islands are also characterized by moderate tectonic activity; therefore, some earthquakes were also recorded along some active seismic faults such as the one between Tenerife and Gran Canaria.

Regarding land deformation, during the last week, no relevant variation was observed on any island. With regard to the emission of gases and excluding the areas of La Bombilla and Puerto Naos, where abnormal emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) continue to be recorded, the Canarian Geochemical Network indicates that the values ​​of Relatively higher diffuse emission of volcanic gases are recorded on Tenerife, where it is already known that from 2016 a process of pressurization of the volcano-hydrothermal system is recorded. We specify that this process is normal in active volcanic systems and does not imply the possibility of a volcanic eruption in the short and medium term.

Source : Involcan.

Photo : INGV ( Cumbre Vieja).

February 14, 2022 . EN. Philippines : Taal , Indonesia : Ibu , Indonesia : Tangkuban Parahu , Ecuador : Reventador , Japan : Hakoneyama .

February 14 , 2022 .

 

 

Philippines , Taal :

TAAL VOLCANO BULLETIN 14 February 2022 8:00 AM

In the past 24-hour period, the Taal Volcano Network recorded thirty-three (33) volcanic earthquakes, including twenty-four (24) volcanic tremor events having durations of two (2) to five (5) minutes, seven (7) low-frequency volcanic earthquakes, one (1) hybrid event, and low-level background tremor that has persisted since July 7, 2021. Activity at the Main Crater was dominated by upwelling of hot volcanic fluids in its lake which generated plumes 1500 meters tall that drifted southwest. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission averaged 10,270 tonnes/day on 12 February 2022. Based on ground deformation parameters from electronic tilt, continuous GPS, and InSAR monitoring, Taal Volcano Island and the Taal region has begun deflating in October 2021.

Alert Level 2 (Increased Unrest) prevails over Taal Volcano. DOST-PHIVOLCS reminds the public that at Alert Level 2, sudden steam- or gas-driven explosions, volcanic earthquakes, minor ashfall, and lethal accumulations or expulsions of volcanic gas can occur and threaten areas within and around TVI. DOST-PHIVOLCS strongly recommends that entry into Taal Volcano Island, Taal’s Permanent Danger Zone or PDZ must be strictly prohibited, especially the vicinities of the Main Crater and the Daang Kastila fissure, and extended stays on Taal Lake.

Source : Phivolcs.

Photo : Raffy Tima

 

Indonesia , Ibu :

VOLCANO OBSERVATORY NOTICE FOR AVIATION – VONA

Issued : February 14 , 2022.
Volcano : Ibu (268030)
Current Aviation Colour Code : ORANGE
Previous Aviation Colour Code : unassigned
Source : Ibu Volcano Observatory
Notice Number : 2022IBU01
Volcano Location : N 01 deg 29 min 17 sec E 127 deg 37 min 48 sec
Area : North Maluku, Indonesia
Summit Elevation : 4240 FT (1325 M)

Volcanic Activity Summary :
Eruption with volcanic ash cloud at 01h40 UTC (10h40 local).

Volcanic Cloud Height :
Best estimate of ash-cloud top is around 7440 FT (2325 M) above sea level, may be higher than what can be observed clearly. Source of height data: ground observer.

Other Volcanic Cloud Information :
Ash-cloud moving to west

Remarks :
Eruption and ash emission is continuing.

Seismicity related to eruptions, avalanches, smoke emissions from the crater and magma activity. It was recorded:
– 58 earthquakes of eruptions/explosions
– 39 avalanche earthquakes
– 30 emission earthquakes
– 18 shallow volcanic earthquakes.

Source : Magma Indonésie , PVMBG.

Photo : Andi Rosati / Volcanodiscovery.

 

Indonesia , Tangkuban Parahu :

Assessment of the activity level of Mount Tangkuban Parahu, West Java based on visual and instrumental observational data for the period from January 30, 2022 to February 13, 2022 as follows:

I. Visual observation
According to the results of visual observations for the period from January 30, 2022 to February 13, 2022, the smoke from the Ratu crater is white with low to medium intensity, generally not observed at altitude. On February 12, 2022, since 11:43 a.m. WIB, white smoke was observed from the Ecoma crater with low to strong intensity with a height of up to 100 meters above the crater floor, while on February 13, 2022, white smoke was observed. was observed with low to medium intensity and rising 20-60 meters above the crater floor.

II. Instrumental observation
The seismicity of Mount Tangkuban Parahu is dominated by gusts associated with surface activity. Seismographs also record continuous vibrations caused by gas and wind gusts. The estimated seismic energy based on real-time seismic amplitude measurements (RSAM) shows fluctuations but no significant increase has been observed. Based on the estimate of the seismic coherence value of the RTU station, February 2022 showed a decrease in the coherence value due to increased pressure on the G. Tangkuban Parahu massif. This causes changes in the medium such as the formation of fractures so that smoke escapes into the Ecoma crater. This pattern was also observed before the July 2019 eruption, when it was accompanied by a significant increase in volcanic seismicity, but in February 2022, no increase in seismicity was observed. Seismic monitoring data indicates that there is no significant magmatic intrusion, the increase that occurs is still transient (temporary).

The results of strain measurement using the Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) method show a relatively shortened (deflation) pattern. The results of the deformation measurements using the tiltmeter method fluctuate but are relatively flat, indicating that there has been no significant change in activity. Deformation monitoring data indicates that there is no significant pressure buildup.

The results of temperature measurements on the slopes of Kawah Ratu increased on February 12, 2022 and the results of temperature measurements on February 13, 2022, decreased again. The temperature increase that occurred on February 12, 2022 is still transient (temporary).
The CO2 gas concentration measurement results are relatively stable, while the H2S gas concentration is relatively reduced. The C/S gas ratio on February 12, 2022 has increased. The results of measurements of H2S gas concentrations on February 13, 2022 began to show an increase and the C/S gas ratio decreased compared to the C/S gas ratio on February 12, 2022. Geochemical monitoring data showed an ( temporary) increase in temperature in the underground system of Mount Tangkuban Parahu, but the increase is not continuous. This indicates that the contribution of magmatic fluid in this activity is not yet significant.

III. Evaluation

Visual and instrumental observations indicate that the volcanic activity of Mount Tangkuban Parahu has not experienced a significant increase. The emission that occurred in the Ecoma crater is thought to be due to the dynamics of groundwater or water that seeps below the surface, which is then heated and forms a high vapor buildup. pressure, resulting in a temporary overpressure of the gas exiting in the form of a rather strong burst through the weak zone (fracture). The white emission indicates that this activity is dominated by water vapour.
Referring to the results of visual and instrumental monitoring and the estimation of the latest potential threats, the activity level of Mount Tangkuban Parahu is still at level I (normal).

Source : PVMBG.

Photos : PVMBG , MNC Trijaya ( 2019)

 

Ecuador , Reventador :

DAILY REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE REVENTADOR VOLCANO, Thursday February 13, 2022.
Information Geophysical Institute – EPN.

Surface Activity Level: High, Surface Trend: No change.
Internal activity level: Moderate, Internal trend: No change.

Seismicity: From February 12, 2022, 11:00 a.m. to February 13, 2022, 11:00 a.m.:
Explosion (EXP) 20
Long Periods (LP) 53
Emission Tremors (TREMI) 6.
Harmonic tremor (TRARM): 2

Rains / Lahars:
No rain was recorded

Emission / ash column:
Yesterday afternoon, steam and ash emissions were observed with a maximum height of 500 meters above crater level and heading west. The Washington VAAC issued 1 ash emission alert with a maximum height of 988 meters above crater level heading west.

Other Monitoring Parameters:
In the past 24 hours, there are no thermal alert records for the Reventador.

Observation:
The volcano was cloudy most of the time. However, during the night, an incandescence was observed between the clouds at the level of the crater. It’s still cloudy at the moment.

Alert level: Orange.

Source : IGEPN.

Photo : Benjamin Bernard.

 

Japan , Hakoneyama :

Visitors to the scenic resort town of Hakone in Kanagawa Prefecture will soon be allowed to walk along a nature trail in the Owakudani Valley for the first time since minor volcanic eruptions seven years ago.
The trail was closed after the Volcanic Alert Level for Mount Hakone was raised to 2 on a scale of 1-5 in May 2015. The level was later lowered to 1, but the path remained off-limits. security reasons.

A council including prefecture and city officials decided to reopen the path after near-urgent coronavirus restrictions were lifted.
Members say sufficient measures to keep visitors safe are now in place. Stages include new shelters and additional volcanic gas detection devices.
They also say that tour groups will be accompanied by security guides. Group sizes and tour durations will be limited.

Hakoneyama volcano is truncated by two overlapping calderas, the largest of which is 10 x 11 km wide. The calderas were formed as a result of two major explosive eruptions about 180,000 and 49,000-60,000 years ago. Scenic Lake Ashi lies between the SW caldera wall and a half dozen post-caldera lava domes that were constructed along a NW-SE trend cutting through the center of the calderas. Dome growth occurred progressively to the NW, and the largest and youngest of these, Kamiyama, forms the high point. The calderas are breached to the east by the Hayakawa canyon. A phreatic explosion about 3000 years ago was followed by collapse of the NW side of Kamiyama, damming the Hayakawa valley and creating Lake Ashi. The latest magmatic eruptive activity about 2900 years ago produced a pyroclastic flow and a lava dome in the explosion crater, although phreatic eruptions took place as recently as the 12-13th centuries CE. Seismic swarms have occurred during the 20th century. Lake Ashi, along with the thermal areas in the caldera, is a popular resort destination SW of Tokyo.

Sources : 3.nhk.or.jp , GVP .

Photo : GVP

14 Février 2022 . FR. Philippines : Taal , Indonésie : Ibu , Indonésie : Tangkuban Parahu , Equateur : Reventador , Japon : Hakoneyama .

14 Février 2022 .

 

 

Philippines , Taal :

BULLETIN D’ACTIVITE DU VOLCAN TAAL , 14 Février 2022 , 08:00 .

Au cours des dernières 24 heures, le réseau de capteurs du volcan Taal a enregistré trente-trois (33) tremblements de terre volcaniques, dont vingt-quatre (24) événements de tremor volcanique d’une durée de deux (2) à cinq (5) minutes, sept (7) tremblements de terre volcaniques à basse fréquence, un (1) événement hybride et un tremor de fond de faible intensité qui persiste depuis le 7 juillet 2021. L’activité du cratère principal a été dominée par la remontée de fluides volcaniques chauds dans le lac qui a généré des panaches de 1500 mètres d’altitude qui ont dérivé vers le Sud-Ouest. Les émissions de dioxyde de soufre (SO2) étaient en moyenne de 10 270 tonnes / jour le 12 février 2022. Sur la base des paramètres de déformation du sol , des mesures d »inclinaison électronique, du GPS continu et de la surveillance InSAR, l’île du volcan Taal et la région du Taal ont commencé à se dégonfler en octobre 2021.

Le niveau d’alerte 2 (agitation accrue) prévaut sur le volcan Taal. Le DOST-PHIVOLCS rappelle au public qu’au niveau d’alerte 2, des explosions soudaines de vapeur ou de gaz, des tremblements de terre volcaniques, des chutes de cendres mineures et des accumulations ou expulsions mortelles de gaz volcanique peuvent se produire et menacer les zones à l’intérieur et autour de TVI. Le DOST-PHIVOLCS recommande fortement que l’entrée sur l’île du volcan Taal, la zone de danger permanent ou PDZ due Taal soit strictement interdite, en particulier aux alentours du cratère principal et de la fissure Daang Kastila, ainsi que les séjours prolongés sur le lac Taal.

Source : Phivolcs.

Photo : Raffy Tima

 

Indonésie , Ibu :

AVIS D’OBSERVATION DU VOLCAN POUR L’AVIATION – VONA .

Émis : 14 février 2022.
Volcan : Ibu (268030)
Code Couleur Aviation Actuel : ORANGE
Code couleur aviation précédent : non attribué
Source : Observatoire du volcan Ibu
Numéro d’avis : 2022IBU01
Emplacement du volcan : N 01 deg 29 min 17 sec E 127 deg 37 min 48 sec
Région : North Maluku, Indonésie
Altitude du sommet : 4240 FT (1325 M)

Résumé de l’activité volcanique :
Eruption avec nuage de cendres volcaniques à 01h40 UTC (10h40 locale).

Hauteur des nuages volcaniques :
La meilleure estimation du sommet du nuage de cendres est d’environ 7440 FT (2325 M) au-dessus du niveau de la mer, peut être plus élevée que ce qui peut être observé clairement. Source des données de hauteur : observateur au sol.

Autres informations sur les nuages volcaniques :
Nuage de cendres se déplaçant vers l’Ouest

Remarques :
L’éruption et l’émission de cendres se poursuivent.

Sismicité liés aux éruptions, aux avalanches, aux émissions de fumée issues du cratère et à l’activité du magma. Il a été enregistré :
– 58 tremblements de terre d’éruptions/explosions
– 39 tremblements de terre d’avalanches
– 30 tremblements de terre d’émissions
– 18 tremblements de terre volcaniques peu profonds.

Source : Magma Indonésie , PVMBG.

Photo : Andi Rosati / Volcanodiscovery.

 

Indonésie , Tangkuban Parahu :

Évaluation du niveau d’activité du mont Tangkuban Parahu, Java occidental sur la base de données d’observation visuelles et instrumentales pour la période du 30 janvier 2022 au 13 février 2022 comme suit :

I. Observation visuelle
D’après les résultats des observations visuelles pour la période du 30 janvier 2022 au 13 février 2022, la fumée issue du cratère Ratu est blanche avec une intensité faible à moyenne, généralement non observée en altitude . Le 12 février 2022, depuis 11h43 WIB, une fumée blanche a été observée depuis le cratère Ecoma avec une intensité faible à forte avec une hauteur pouvant atteindre 100 mètres au dessus du fond du cratère, tandis que le 13 février 2022, une fumée blanche a été observé avec une intensité faible à moyenne et s’élevant à 20-60 mètres au dessus du fond du cratère.

II. Observation instrumentale
La sismicité du mont Tangkuban Parahu est dominée par des rafales associées à l’activité de surface. Les sismographes enregistrent également les vibrations continues causées par les rafales de gaz et de vent . L’énergie sismique estimée basée sur les mesures d’amplitude sismique en temps réel (RSAM) montre des fluctuations mais aucune augmentation significative n’a été observée. Sur la base de l’estimation de la valeur de cohérence sismique de la station RTU, février 2022 a montré une diminution de la valeur de cohérence due à une pression accrue sur le massif du G. Tangkuban Parahu. Cela provoque des changements dans le milieu tels que la formation de fractures de sorte que la fumée s’échappe dans le cratère Ecoma. Ce schéma a également été observé avant l’éruption de juillet 2019, lorsqu’il s’est accompagné d’une augmentation significative de la sismicité volcanique, mais en février 2022, aucune augmentation de la sismicité n’a été observée. Les données de surveillance sismique indiquent qu’il n’y a pas d’intrusion magmatique significative, l’augmentation qui se produit est encore transitoire (temporaire).

Les résultats de la mesure de déformation à l’aide de la méthode EDM (Electronic Distance Measurement) montrent un schéma relativement raccourci (dégonflage) . Les résultats des mesures de déformation à l’aide de la méthode de l’inclinomètre fluctuent mais sont relativement plats, ce qui indique qu’il n’y a pas eu de changement significatif de l’activité. Les données de surveillance de la déformation indiquent qu’il n’y a pas d’accumulation significative de pression.

Les résultats des mesures de température sur les pentes du Kawah Ratu ont augmenté le 12 février 2022 et les résultats des mesures de température le 13 février 2022, ont de nouveau diminué. L’augmentation de température survenue le 12 février 2022 est encore transitoire (temporaire).
Les résultats de mesure de la concentration de gaz CO2 sont relativement stables, tandis que la concentration de gaz H2S est relativement réduite. Le rapport gaz C/S au 12 février 2022 a augmenté. Les résultats des mesures des concentrations de gaz H2S le 13 février 2022 ont commencé à montrer une augmentation et le rapport gaz C/S a diminué par rapport au rapport gaz C/S le 12 février 2022. Les données de surveillance géochimique ont montré une (temporaire) augmentation de la température dans le système souterrain du mont Tangkuban Parahu, mais l’augmentation n’est pas continue. Ceci indique que la contribution du fluide magmatique dans cette activité n’est pas encore significative.

III. Évaluation 

Les observations visuelles et instrumentales indiquent que l’activité volcanique du mont Tangkuban Parahu n’a pas connu d’augmentation significative. On pense que l’émission qui s’est produite dans le cratère Ecoma est due à la dynamique de l’eau souterraine ou de l’eau qui s’infiltre sous la surface, qui est ensuite chauffée et forme une accumulation de vapeur à haute pression, entraînant une surpression temporaire du gaz sortant sous la forme d’une rafale assez forte à travers la zone faible (fracture). L’émission blanche indique que cette activité est dominée par la vapeur d’eau.
En se référant aux résultats de la surveillance visuelle et instrumentale et à l’estimation des dernières menaces potentielles, le niveau d’activité du mont Tangkuban Parahu est toujours au niveau I (normal).

Source : PVMBG.

Photos : PVMBG , MNC Trijaya ( 2019)

 

Equateur , Reventador :

RAPPORT QUOTIDIEN DE L’ETAT DU VOLCAN REVENTADOR , Jeudi 13 Février 2022.
Information Geophysical Institute – EPN.

Niveau d’activité Superficiel: Haut , Tendance de surface : Pas de changement .
Niveau d’activité interne: Modéré , Tendance interne : Pas de changement.

 

Sismicité : Du 12 Février 2022 , 11:00h au 13 Février 2022 , 11:00h : 
Explosion (EXP) 20
Longues périodes (LP) 53
Tremors d’émissions (TREMI) 6.
Tremor harmonique ( TRARM) : 2

Pluies / Lahars :
Aucune pluie n’a été enregistrée

Emission / colonne de cendres :
Hier après-midi, des émissions de vapeur et de cendres ont été observées avec une hauteur maximale de 500 mètres au-dessus du niveau du cratère et se dirigeant vers l’Ouest. Le VAAC de Washington a émis 1 alerte d’émission de cendres avec une hauteur maximale de 988 mètres au-dessus du niveau du cratère se dirigeant vers l’Ouest.

Autres paramètres de surveillance :
Au cours des dernières 24 heures, il n’y a pas d’enregistrement d’alertes thermiques concernant le Reventador.

Observation:
Le volcan était nuageux la plupart du temps. Cependant, au cours de la nuit, une incandescence a été observée entre les nuages ​​au niveau du cratère. C’est encore nuageux pour le moment.

Niveau d’alerte: Orange.

Source : IGEPN.

Photo : Benjamin Bernard.

 

Japon , Hakoneyama :

Les visiteurs de la pittoresque ville touristique de Hakone, dans la préfecture de Kanagawa, seront bientôt autorisés à marcher le long d’un sentier naturel dans la vallée d’Owakudani pour la première fois depuis des éruptions volcaniques mineures il y a sept ans.
Le sentier a été fermé après que le niveau d’alerte volcanique pour le mont Hakone ait été porté à 2 sur une échelle de 1 à 5 en mai 2015. Le niveau a ensuite été abaissé à 1, mais le chemin est resté interdit pour des raisons de sécurité.

Un conseil comprenant des responsables de la préfecture et de la ville a décidé de rouvrir le chemin après la levée des restrictions quasi urgentes liées au coronavirus.
Les membres affirment que des mesures suffisantes pour assurer la sécurité des visiteurs sont maintenant en place. Les étapes comprennent de nouveaux abris et des dispositifs de détection de gaz volcaniques supplémentaires.
Ils disent également que les groupes de touristes seront accompagnés de guides de sécurité. La taille des groupes et la durée des visites seront limitées.

Le volcan Hakoneyama est tronqué par deux caldeiras qui se chevauchent, dont la plus grande mesure 10 x 11 km de large. Les caldeiras se sont formées à la suite de deux éruptions explosives majeures il y a environ 180 000 et 49 000 à 60 000 ans. Le pittoresque lac Ashi se situe entre le mur Sud-Ouest de la caldeira et une demi-douzaine de dômes de lave post-caldeira qui ont été construits le long d’une ligne Nord-Ouest-Sud-Est traversant le centre des caldeiras. La croissance du dôme s’est produite progressivement vers le Nord-Ouest, et le plus grand et le plus jeune d’entre eux, Kamiyama, forme le point culminant. Les caldeiras sont percées à l’Est par le canyon Hayakawa. Une explosion phréatique il y a environ 3000 ans a été suivie par l’effondrement du côté Nord-Ouest du Kamiyama, envahissant la vallée de Hayakawa et créant le lac Ashi. La dernière activité éruptive magmatique il y a environ 2900 ans a produit une coulée pyroclastique et un dôme de lave dans le cratère d’explosion, bien que des éruptions phréatiques aient eu lieu aussi récemment que les 12-13èmes siècles de notre ère. Des essaims sismiques se sont produits au cours du XXe siècle. Le lac Ashi, ainsi que les zones thermales de la caldeira, est une destination de villégiature populaire au Sud-Ouest de Tokyo.

Sources : 3.nhk.or.jp , GVP .

Photo : GVP

January 14, 2021. EN . Saint Vincent : Soufrière Saint Vincent , Japan : Sakurajima , Guatemala : Pacaya , Langila : Papua New Guinea , Japan : Suwanosejima .

January 14 , 2021 .

 

 

Saint Vincent , Soufrière Saint Vincent :

LA SOUFRIÈRE BULLETIN 13, JANUARY 13, 2021 8:00 PM

Heavy cloud did not allow for aerial reconnaissance today, arrangements have been made for aerial reconnaissance over the next few days via helicopter.
The dome that broke through the crater floor, on December 27, 2020, on the south-west perimeter of the existing dome, continues to grow within the crater of La Soufrière and has an ellipsoid shape with growth expanding in a westerly direction.


Lava broke the surface on December 27, 2020.

Alert level remains at Orange. The volcano continues to exude magma on the surface and steam can still be observed from the Belmont Observatory. Persons living in areas close to the volcano should expect strong sulphur smells for several days to weeks, depending on changes in wind direction.
Thomas Christopher and Dr. Adam Stinton, two scientists from the Seismic Research Centre (SRC) based at the Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) arrived in St. Vincent and the Grenadines today on board the Regional Security Services (RSS) Aircraft. Their main mission will be to gather data from the dome and crater through temperature and photogrammetry and gas measurements using a MultiGAS and spectrometer.

On January 6, 2021 the dome could be seen reaching the crater wall.

The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) has finalized helicopter support for the Seismic Research Centre (SRC) Team to install equipment and collect samples from the summit of the volcano.

University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) reported that the lava dome in Soufrière St. Vincent’s main crater that first formed on 27 December continued to grow during 6-12 January. Observations were made during a field visit on 5 January, during a helicopter overflight on 6 January, and based on 9 January drone video. During that time the dome grew and expanded to the W, produced small, hot rockfalls, had a blocky appearance, and continued to emit gasses and steam. Gas-and-steam plumes were also visible from Belmont Observatory. The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources : Nemo , GVP.

Photos : UWI.

 

Japan , Sakurajima :

JMA reported that during 4-11 January incandescence from Minamidake Crater (at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) was often visible nightly. The sulfur dioxide emission rate remained high and reached extremely high levels of 5,000 tons per day on 6 January. An explosion at 1642 on 4 January produced an ash plume that rose 1.8 km above the crater rim and merged into weather clouds. An explosion at 1133 on 11 January generated an ash plume that rose 1.3 km. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale).

 

 

The Aira caldera in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay contains the post-caldera Sakurajima volcano, one of Japan’s most active. Eruption of the voluminous Ito pyroclastic flow accompanied formation of the 17 x 23 km caldera about 22,000 years ago. The smaller Wakamiko caldera was formed during the early Holocene in the NE corner of the Aira caldera, along with several post-caldera cones. The construction of Sakurajima began about 13,000 years ago on the southern rim of Aira caldera and built an island that was finally joined to the Osumi Peninsula during the major explosive and effusive eruption of 1914. Activity at the Kitadake summit cone ended about 4850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Frequent historical eruptions, recorded since the 8th century, have deposited ash on Kagoshima, one of Kyushu’s largest cities, located across Kagoshima Bay only 8 km from the summit. The largest historical eruption took place during 1471-76.

Source: Agence météorologique japonaise (JMA) , GVP.

Photo : Koki Arima.

 

Guatemala , Pacaya :

Activity:
OVPAC observers report gray and blue degassing dispersing towards the South. A lava flow with a South-South-West direction with a length of 1350 meters is reported. On the western and southwestern flanks there are areas with high temperatures due to the active lava flows of the previous days. The PCG and PCG5 stations recorded weak explosions and tremors due to the rise of magma and gases towards the surface. (The recommendations of the special BEPAC bulletin n ° 002-2021 remain in force).

INSIVUMEH reported that the lava flow that began on 2 January from a vent on the SW flank, 200 m below Pacaya’s Mackenney Crater, formed 3-4 branches and was 400 m long by 6 January. Avalanches of material descended the W, SW, and S flanks. Strombolian explosions produced ash plumes that rose 100-150 m above the cone and drifted 10 km S and SW. Explosions on 7 January produced ash plumes that rose 300-500 m above the crater and ejected ballistics 300 m away from the crater. Explosions rattled structures in nearby villages. Two new lava flows emerged on the N flank at 0740; one traveled 50 m and the other 200 m. Active lava flows on the W and SW flanks were 550 m long. Overnight during 7-8 January a new lava flow on the SW flank descended 425 m. During 9-12 January Strombolian explosions continued to ejected material up to 300 m above the cone. The lava flow on the SW flank reached a length of 1.2 km on 9 January and 1.5 km by 10 January; it remained active through 12 January. Ash plumes drifted 10 km W during 10-11 January, and avalanches form the crater area descended the SW and S flanks.

Sources : Insivumeh , GVP.

Photo : Diego Rizzo via Sherine France.

 

Langila , Papua New Guinea :

Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind model data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 9 January a short-lived eruption at Langila produced an ash plume that rose 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W.

Langila, one of the most active volcanoes of New Britain, consists of a group of four small overlapping composite basaltic-andesitic cones on the lower E flank of the extinct Talawe volcano in the Cape Gloucester area of NW New Britain. A rectangular, 2.5-km-long crater is breached widely to the SE; Langila was constructed NE of the breached crater of Talawe. An extensive lava field reaches the coast on the N and NE sides of Langila. Frequent mild-to-moderate explosive eruptions, sometimes accompanied by lava flows, have been recorded since the 19th century from three active craters at the summit. The youngest and smallest crater (no. 3 crater) was formed in 1960 and has a diameter of 150 m.

Source : GVP.

Photo : GVP / Wally Johnson.

 

Japan , Suwanosejima : 

JMA reported that incandescence at Suwanosejima’s Ontake Crater was visible nightly during 4-11 January. Two explosions on 5 January produced ash plumes that rose 1.2 km above the crater rim and ejected bombs 400 m away from the crater. Two explosions during 9-10 January generated ash plumes that rose 1 km and again ejected bombs 400 m away. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale).

The 8-km-long, spindle-shaped island of Suwanosejima in the northern Ryukyu Islands consists of an andesitic stratovolcano with two historically active summit craters. The summit is truncated by a large breached crater extending to the sea on the east flank that was formed by edifice collapse. Suwanosejima, one of Japan’s most frequently active volcanoes, was in a state of intermittent strombolian activity from Otake, the NE summit crater, that began in 1949 and lasted until 1996, after which periods of inactivity lengthened. The largest historical eruption took place in 1813-14, when thick scoria deposits blanketed residential areas, and the SW crater produced two lava flows that reached the western coast. At the end of the eruption the summit of Otake collapsed forming a large debris avalanche and creating the horseshoe-shaped Sakuchi caldera, which extends to the eastern coast. The island remained uninhabited for about 70 years after the 1813-1814 eruption. Lava flows reached the eastern coast of the island in 1884. Only about 50 people live on the island.

Source : GVP.

Photo : Yukio Hayakawa, 1998 (Gunma University).

August 27 , 2018. EN. Italy / Sicily : Etna , Indonesia : Merapi , Hawai : Kilauea , Guatemala : Fuego .

August 27 ,  2018.

 

Italy / Sicily , Etna :

It’s not over yet … A very weak Strombolian activity was seen at 20:00 local time on August 26, 2018, at the « mouth of the saddle » of the new crater of Southeast Etna. The effusive activity on the northern flank of the new crater of the South-East also continues.

After a rapid fall, the volcanic tremor gradually reached the values of last night.

We returned to the situation before August 23, before the last eruptive episode of the new crater of South-East Etna: small explosions at « puttusiddu », the easternmost mouth of the new crater South East.

Source : Boris Behncke.

 

Indonesia , Merapi :

Level II Activity Level (WASPADA). The Merapi (2968 m of altitude) does not know of a continuous eruption.
Since yesterday and until this morning, the volcano could be observed clearly until it was covered with fog. The observed smoke is white, from low to medium pressure, rising up to 10 m above the peak. The wind is blowing slightly north and east.

According to the seismographs, on August 26, 2018, it was recorded:
4 avalanche earthquakes
6 earthquakes
8 low frequency earthquakes
12 hybrid earthquakes
1 shallow volcanic earthquake
2 local tectonic earthquakes
2 distant tectonic earthquakes

The dome growing at the summit on 24.08.2018, PVMBG / Magma Indonesia

Recommendations:
Climbing activities on Mount Merapi are temporarily not recommended, except for investigation and research related to disaster mitigation efforts.
A radius of 3 km around the summit must be emptied of the activities of the population.
People living in the area need to know more about Mount Merapi’s activities.
If there is a significant change in Mount Merapi activity, the status of Mount Merapi activity will be immediately reviewed.
Local governments are invited to socialize the current state of Mount Merapi to the public.

Source : PVMBG

 

Hawai , Kilauea :

19°25’16 » N 155°17’13 » W,
Summit Elevation 4091 ft (1247 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: WATCH
Current Aviation Color Code: ORANGE

Kīlauea summit and lower East Rift Zone

Seismicity and ground deformation are negligible at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano. On the volcano’s lower East Rift Zone (LERZ), a small lava pond was visible deep within the fissure 8 cone from a Hawaii County Fire Department overflight Saturday morning (8/25). A few ocean entries were oozing lava and laze plumes were minimal from HVO overflights at the beginning of this week (8/20, 21). Sulfur dioxide emission rates at both the summit and LERZ are drastically reduced; the combined rate is lower than at any time since late 2007. On Tuesday (8/21), the SO2 emissions from the LERZ were too low to measure although SO2 smells were noticed. Our next overflight is scheduled for tomorrow morning (8/27).

Southward facing aerial view of the fissure 8 cone. The two small areas of incandescence, gas jetting, and spatter from yesterday photograph appeared crusted over today.

The passing of Tropical Storm Lane has left the Island of Hawaiʻi in a Flash Flood Watch. The hurricane/tropical storm had little effect on the eruption aside from minor rockfalls at the summit and increased steaming from Puʻu ʻŌʻō and LERZ vents; however, HVO lost communication with several monitoring stations on the east side of the island in the last two days but the losses only slightly reduce our ability to assess volcanic conditions. Whiteout conditions could occur on the new lava field due due to steam produced by heavy rainfall on still-hot lava flows.

 

The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) will continue to closely monitor Kīlauea’s seismicity, deformation, and gas emissions for any sign of reactivation, and maintain visual surveillance of the summit and LERZ as best we can. Ground and drone crews are in the field today but continue to be hampered by weather conditions.

HVO will continue to issue daily updates and additional messages as needed. The next update will be issued tomorrow morning unless significant changes occur.

Source : HVO

 

Guatemala , Fuego :

SPECIAL VULCANOLOGICAL BULLETIN BEFGO # 114-2018
Lahars in the ravines: LAS LAJAS, JUTE. Guatemala August 26, 2018, 2:20 pm (local time)

Type of activity: Vulcanian
Morphology: Composite stratovolcano
Geographical location: 14 ° 28’54˝ N Latitude; 90 ° 52’54˝Longitude W.
Height: 3,763msnm.

Because rainfall, which at this time is abundant in the upper part of the volcanic complex of the Fuego volcano, moderate lahars are generated and may increase in the next few minutes in the ravines of Las Lajas and Jute, which descend with volcanic materials and blocks 1 to 2 meters in diameter, branches and tree trunks, giving off a smell of sulfur.
This material has been deposited by constant eruptive activity and should continue to present this activity.

Due to the rains that can be generated in the afternoon and evening around the volcano, the possibilities that other lahars occur in one of the main canyons are not excluded.

Source : Insivumeh